Abstract: Climate change is a major environmental challenge to the world with significant treats of ecosystems, food security, water resources and economic stability. Climate change has the potential to irreversibly damage the natural resource base on which agriculture depends and in general adversely affects agricultural productivity. The sustainability of crop production and food security is being threatened by the increasing unpredictability and severity of drought stress due to global climate changes. Incorporation of these adapted natural genetic variations into breeding programs can enrich the current genetic diversity of stress tolerance and improve yield under stress. Food Security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Climate change affects food security in various ways: through impacting on all four components of food security (availability, accessibility, affordability, utilization and nutritional value and food system stability), through impacting on crop production and yield, through impacting on water availability, through impacting on fisheries production, through impacting on agricultural pests (weed, insect and disease pests), and through impacting on livestock production. Climate change is threatening crop productivity worldwide and new solutions to adapt crops to these environmental changes are urgently needed. Elevated temperatures driven by climate change affect developmental and physiological plant processes that, ultimately, impact on crop yield and quality. Generally, Climate change is threatening crop productivity worldwide and new solutions to adapt crops to these environmental changes are urgently needed. Elevated temperatures driven by climate change affect developmental and physiological plant processes that, ultimately, impact on crop yield and quality. Plant breeding is the activity of developing diverse plant varieties that can contribute usefully to cropping and production systems.

Keywords: Climate Change; Food Security; Genetic Diversity, Crop Productivity.

Title: EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PRODUCTIVITY

Author: Temesgen Begna

ISSN 2394-7357

International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences

Novelty Journals