Abstract: After revealing the deficiencies of Conventional Pushover Analysis (CPA) method for structures with significant higher modes. The effect of higher modes of vibration on the total nonlinear dynamic response of a structure is very important and unsolved problem. The recent advent of performance based design has brought the nonlinear static pushover analysis procedure to the forefront. A simple method for the nonlinear static analysis of complex building structures subjected to monotonically increasing horizontal loading (push-over analysis) is presented. The method is designed to be a part of new methodologies for the seismic design and evaluation of structures. In the present study, the non-linear response of RCC frame using SAP2000 under the loading has been carried out with the intention to investigate the relative importance of several factors in the non-linear analysis of RCC frames. This method is applied to the analyses of symmetric frames as well as asymmetric frames permitting to draw significant conclusions.

Keywords: Asymmetric structures, nonlinear analysis, Pushover analysis, Seismic design.
Title: Pushover Analysis of Asymmetric Three Dimensional Building Frames
Author: Mr. Vijaykumar G. Sawant, Dr.D.N. Shinde
ISSN 2394-7357
International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Now a days the necessity of high strength high performance concrete is increasing because of demands in the construction industry. Efforts for improving the characteristics of concrete over the past few years suggest that cement replacement materials along with chemical admixtures can improve the durability and corrosion characteristics of concrete. Cement is the most important role plays in concrete like binding material and can be bind other material together
In this paper focuses (concern) on the experimental case study of using supply cementing materials (SCM) such as Meta-koalin. Alcco fine, GGBS Ground granulated blast furnace slag.
Supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) such as Meta-kaolin, Alccofine and GGBS are increasingly used in recent years as cement replacement material. They help to obtain both higher performance and economy. These materials increase the long term performance of the concrete through reduced permeability resulting in improved durability.
Keywords: GGBS Ground granulated blast furnace slag, Supplementary cementing materials SCMs, Concrete Using Various Parameters.

Title: Analysis and Testing of Concrete Using Various Parameters
Author: Deepak Kumar Bandewar, Prof. Gyanendra Singh
ISSN 2394-7357
International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The material strength is one of the components of the performance of an engineering structure. In this study, effects of material strength on structural performance of reinforced concrete building which had A3 structural irregularity was investigated with SAP 2000 Structural Analysis Program. Concrete and steel have been selected as two different variables. Calculations have been made for each concrete grade which was selected as C16, C18, C20 and C25. S220 and S420 steel grades were taken into account. As a result, structural behavior of RC buildings which had A3 structural irregularity with different concrete and steel grades were compared and evaluated according to analysis results in detail. The displacement and internal forces obtained from results of analysis different steel and concrete grade is investigated comparatively. The base shear of building was increased according to increasing strength of steel and concrete.  The peak displacement of building has been increased according to increasing in base shear. The goal of this study was investigate the importance of strength of materials on structural performance of reinforced concrete structures. The values that have taken into account for the materials in the calculation of the buildings must be provided in constructions also. Workmanship, material and control mechanism factors have a special importance for strength of engineering structures in application.

Keywords: Structural performance, concrete, steel grade, strength, A3 structural irregularity.
Title: Effects of Material Strength on Structural Performance for the Irregularity Structure
Author: Ercan IŞIK, Cevat KAYA, Taha TAPANCI
ISSN 2394-7357
International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted for two years to determine the response of maize-soybean intercrop to tillage practices and fertilizer rates at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi. The experimental design consisted of three factors: cropping system at two levels (sole and intercrops), tillage practices at two levels (zero tillage and ridges) and fertilizer rates at three levels (0, 150 and 300 kg/ha of NPK 20:10:10). The treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in a split-split plot arrangement and replicated three times. The cropping systems were assigned to the main plots, tillage practices to sub-plots and the fertilizer rates were in the sub-sub plots. A composite soil sample was obtained from a plough layer (0-15 cm) at the beginning and at the end of the experiment according to the treatments and analyzed for particle size distribution, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable cations [Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+ and K+] as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC) to see if there was a change in the soil properties after the experiment for both cropping seasons. Data collected for the yield parameters of maize and soybean for both cropping seasons were subjected to the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) after which means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at P<0.05. Results showed that Intercropping reduced the yields of maize and soybean compared with their sole crops. There were higher yields from crops cultivated on ridges as a result of improved access to soil moisture than no-tillage. Soybean yields were generally low due to the shading effect of the maize component. Applying fertilizer significantly (P<0.05) increased the yield of the component crops in both seasons than when no fertilizer was applied. Intercropping resulted in yield advantage; the land equivalent ratio (LER) was (1.53) in 2013 and (1.35) in 2014 showing 35 % and 26 % land saved in 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons. Based on yield and productivity advantage obtained from the intercropping, effect of different rates of NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of maize and soybean intercrop deserve further investigation using higher fertilizer rates. Soybean should be integrated into the maize production system to enhance increased soil organic carbon content, CEC, N, Ca, Mg and P level. Maize-soybean should be planted on ridges instead of in no-tillage to improve the acquisition of both water and nutrients by the plants. 

Keywords:Maize-Soybean Intercrop, Tillage Practices, Fertilizer Rates, Yield Advantage and Guinea Savanna.
Title:Intercropped Maize and Soybean under Tillage Practices and Fertilizer Rates in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria
Author:A. ALI, M.O. IJOYAH, M. USMAN
ISSN 2394-7357
International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Water is an essential element needed on planet Earth.  UN reported consumable water levels at 2.7% in 1978 of the Earth’s water. River water makes 0.2% of all fresh water. The SWAN RIVER INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT (SWFMID) has been introduced since 2006 -2007 by the State government of Himachal Pradesh in collaboration with Japan International Cooperation agency (JICA), HP State Forest Department, Agriculture, Horticulture and Animal Husbandry Department. 27 water samples were collected from district Una, Himachal Pradesh, India from three places named Santokhgarh, Tahliwal and Mehatpur. The water samples were collected in the months of December 2014, February 2015 and April 2015. The samples were analyzed on the basis of seven parameters to know the pollution level of water. The observed values were then compared with permissible values in the table given by OIP for water pollution level. By the overall assessment of the parameters of the water samples collected it was concluded that the industries present in those areas are effectively implying the waste water management strategies and hence the pollutant levels are in permissible to slightly polluted levels. As the number of industries is less in Santokgarh as compared to Tahliwal and Mehatpur hence the water quality of Santokgarh was found to be the best amongst the three.

Keywords: Waste water management, OIP (overall index pollution), protocol, BOD, COD, parameters.
Title: Water testing of Swan River in Una District, Himachal Pradesh, India to Analyze Effect of Urbanization
Author: Neelam K Sharma, Rashmi Kohli, Shivani, Sonia, Amandeep
ISSN 2394-7357
International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences
Novelty Journals