Abstracts: Optimization problem formulation, methods of optimization and solution techniques are presented. Population-based methods are also explained. Optimization using constraints in terms of reliability is found to be the best option for optimizing structures with discrete parameters. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the different test-case optimization techniques. There are various optimization techniques available for the background. This review explains the different optimization techniques on the basis of their evolution, methodology, performance and applications.

Keywords: Evolutionary methods, Genetic algorithms, Particle swarm optimization techniques, evolution, applications etc.

Title: A Comparison and Survey of Optimization Techniques

Author: Shivam Nanda, Pradeepti Lakra

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 95-100

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-February-2024

Abstract: In this article, we are talking about a preliminary project for the implementation of an automatic sampling system for active power measurements at the HV substation of Gécamines Kambove. Since the existing substation is used for the distribution of electrical energy to the facilities of Gécamines Kambove and at the same time it supplies the mining companies located in different parts of the city. In view of the importance of the above, the new direct debit system aims to guarantee a continuous service to the watt man who takes the measurements manually from different feeders and facilitates the operation of the network and (which is remote supervision and control and telemetry). To get there. Based on the results obtained, it is shown that the automation of active power sampling is the solution for distribution networks. The results of the present study provide necessary information on the inlet voltage of the substation, the high voltage; the current and power factor as well as the frequency that characterize them.

Keywords: Phenomenotechnical criticism, substation, automation, sampling, digital, measurements, meter, intelligent.

Title: PHENOMENOTECHNICAL CRITICISM OF THE AUTOMATION OF ACTIVE POWER SAMPLING AT THE GECAMINES KAMBOVE HIGH-VOLTAGE SUBSTATION

Author: MWILA SOMPWE Jacques, MULOPWE LUNGANYANYANGA Didier Prince, MWEWA NDIMINA Anicet

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 84-94

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 20-February-2024

Abstract: Poor energy quality has considerable economic and societal consequences; the destruction of expensive equipment, the shortening of their lifetime, etc. Therefore, the need to have reliable and economical electricity networks is an increasingly important issue. However, in many electricity networks, the growth in electricity demand is not accompanied by an increase in the capacity of electrical energy supply. In this work, we addressed the question of determining the voltage profile in order to evaluate the voltage drops with a view to integrating reactive power from the capacitor banks to improve the voltage profile of the network. This is how, after integrating different percentages of reactive power, we found that the injection of a power of 50%, improves the voltage profile of our network according to the IEC-60038 standard which recommends a margin of +/- 10%.

Keywords: voltage profile, low voltage distribution network, reactive power.

Title: Determination of the voltage profile of a LV distribution network: case of the Marie-Jose cabin LV distribution network Naviundu district, Lubumbashi, DRC

Author: MWEHU BANZA SAMSON

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 76-83

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-January-2024

Abstract: This paper focuses on the design and realization of an electronic immobilizer with an embedded system for the safety of vehicles without embedded security system. This study starts from the lack of reliability presented by the use of mechanical ignition keys as a vehicle safety measure. This measure is only a matter of keeping the ignition key safe from any threat given the speed at which a key can be reproduced nowadays. However, thanks to the advent of processors and microprocessors which can be easily integrated into any device, digital electronics today are capable of offering much more than a mechanical security measure based on a key. This paper therefore addresses the question of the security problem of vehicles from an electronic perspective, it is based on the flexibility of operation and the easy integration of programmable microcontrollers for the management of vehicle start authorization by electronic password authentication system. The result of this research shows that under certain conditions this system can improve vehicle safety but presents some flaws under other conditions.

Keywords: immobilizer, anti-theft, embedded system, digital code system, security.

Title: Design and Evaluation of a Code-Based Immobilizer System for Vehicle Anti-Theft Security

Author: ILUNGA WA LUNDA ARIEL

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 68-75

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-January-2024

Abstract: Subscriber management in a low voltage distribution network is nowadays becoming a complex task which requires accurate data collection as well as rapid and pragmatic actions. The use of traditional methods putting human and all his imperfections at the center for billing, control and other interventions has therefore become obsolete, making this way of working an ineffective method. A modern way to solve this problem and improve subscriber management is to replace human with modern technological means facilitating easy and transparent communication between subscribers and the company and vice versa. This is why we propose in this paper an IoT-based energy meter for efficient data collection and easy (remote) management of subscribers. The proposed system uses a microcontroller, sensors, an OLED display, a relay module, a GSM module and web technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, MySQL and PHP to produce two artifacts, a smart meter and a web application. The evaluation of the results showed that the system is able to help to improving the management of SNEL low voltage subscribers.

Keywords: electrical energy, energy meter, electrical grid, low-voltage subscriber, IoT, SNEL, web app, power limiter.

Title: Design and evaluation of an IoT-based energy meter/power limiter to improve the management of low-voltage electrical subscribers - a case study of SNEL Likasi - DRC

Author: ILUNGA WA LUNDA ARIEL

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 60-67

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 02-January-2024

Abstract: Manual phase change in a low voltage distribution grid is becoming a major problem. It is the cause of most domestic incidents such as the deterioration of appliances, fires, etc. An effective way to avoid these incidents is to be able to make phase changes without human intervention in the event of an anomaly or fault on the grid. This work therefore addresses the problem of manual phase change in a domestic installation using an automatic phase selector. The proposed solution uses voltage sensors, a programmable electronic card, a display as well as electromagnetic relays. After analyzing the solution with data science using python, the result shows that the designed system can positively help the distribution grid by autonomously managing certain parameters.

Keywords: Phase selector, phase change, anomaly, data science, fault, low voltage grid, installation.

Title: Design and Behavioral Analysis of an Automatic Phase Selector in a Low-Voltage Distribution Grid for the Elimination of Service Faults: A Case of the Catholic Grid Hewa-Bora Lubumbashi, DRC

Author: ILUNGA WA LUNDA ARIEL, MWEHU BANZA SAMSON, KASANG KANYIMB FLORENCE

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 53-59

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 29-December-2023

Abstract: This study systematically explores the application of Chat GPT in the field of digital marketing, with a particular focus on its innovative impact on text processing capabilities. The study analyzes the use of Chat GPT in various aspects such as Search Engine Optimization (SEO) ad copywriting, marketing copy editing, marketing plan development, and basic textual tasks, revealing its ability to effectively enhance work efficiency and text quality through advanced natural language processing technology, thus positively impacting digital marketing.

The study points out that Chat GPT can automatically generate high-quality copies that meet the standards of SEO, reducing the burden on marketing teams. In the field of marketing copy editing, its application can enhance the attractiveness and readability of the copy, accelerating the content creation process. Additionally, Chat GPT promotes strategic innovation and optimization in marketing plan development through data-driven insights and creative suggestions. In basic textual tasks, it demonstrates its capabilities in content generation, information distillation, and text optimization.

Despite the significant advantages of Chat GPT in the realm of digital marketing, its application also faces limitations related to reliance on human editing, creativity, and personalization, as well as challenges in culture and language. The paper emphasizes that with the continuous development of AI technology, Chat GPT is expected to show greater potential in personalized marketing and consumer behaviour analysis, among other areas. Thus, ongoing research and development of Chat GPT technology are vital for grasping the future trends of digital marketing.

Keywords: Chat GPT, Marketing, Text Processing, Digital Strategy, Technology Application.

Title: Study on the Innovative Application of Chat GPT in Digital Marketing

Author: GUO NYUHUAN

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 47-52

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-December-2023

Abstract: This work is aimed at producing a mass balancing laboratory apparatus that will serve for the demonstration of the principle of balancing of rotating masses which is a fundamental part of the study of Theory of Machines in engineering. The machine was constructed with the locally available materials and fabrication methods, and consists of a shaft, a pair of bearings, metal sheets, springs, dampers, a 0.25KW one phase motor, set of detachable balance mass blocks and a transparent safety dome to cover the moving components. The dome prevents them from harming users especially if failure occurs. ANSYS simulation tests results showed that they were within acceptable stress limits. The study established that locally sourced materials could be used to produce excellent Mass Balancing Machine at a low production cost.

Keywords: Static Balance, Dynamic Balance, Imbalance, Laboratory Apparatus.

Title: Design and Fabrication of a Mass Balancing Machine

Author: Okolie Paul Chukwulozie, Enyi Chukwudi Louis, Oluwadare Benjamin Segun, Chikelue Edward Ochiagha

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 35-46

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 13-November-2023

Abstract: The constant power failure observed in our country has occurred as a result of under voltage and over voltage observed in the Nigerian 11KV transmission network. This occurred because the per unit voltage in some of the transmission buses could not meet the thresh hold of 0.95 through 1.05. This inconsistent power failure observed in our transmission network is surmounted by introducing improving the stabilization of over voltage and under voltage protection system in Nigerian 11kv transmission network using intelligent telemetric technique. To achieve this, it is done in this manner, characterizing  Nigerian 11KV transmission network, running  the load flow of the characterized data to establish over voltage and under voltage in the network, design a telemetric rule base that will stabilize over and under voltage in Nigerian 11KV transmission network thereby protecting the system, training ANN in these rule base for effective stabilization and protection, developing an algorithm that will implement the process, designing a telemetric SIMULINK model, developing an algorithm that will implement the process and designing a SIMULINK model for improving the stability of over and under voltage protection system of the Nigerian 11KV transmission network using intelligent telemetric. The results obtained are the conventional voltage is 0.93 P.U.V signifying that the voltage is under voltage because it did not fall within the thresh hold  of voltage stability of 0.95 through 1.05 per unit volts. Meanwhile, when an intelligent telemetric technique is incorporated in the system it stabilized the voltage in bus 1 to 0.973 thereby making it to attain the thresh hold of 0.95 through 1.05 thereby enhancing consistent power supply in the country and the conventional voltage is 107 per unit volt which is over voltage that destroys a lot of electrical appliances in the homes, industries and factories. On the other hand, when an intelligent telemetry is integrated in the system, it stabilized the voltage to 0.9768 P.U.V thereby protecting all the electrical appliances in homes, companies, industries and factories from damaging.

Keywords: improving stabilization, overvoltage, under voltage, protection, system, Nigerian, transmission, network, intelligent,  telemetric, technique.

Title: IMPROVING THE STABILIATION OF OVER VOLTAGE AND UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION SYSTEM IN NIGERIAN 11KV TRANSMISSION NETWORK USING INTELLIGENT TELEMETRIC TECHNIQUE

Author: Chukwuagu. M.I, Aneke E. C

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 24-34

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-October-2023

Abstract: This work presented the design and construction of a manually powered lawn mower as well as the stress analysis of the blade. The solid model of the lawn mower design was done using Solid works software. The materials utilized for the construction were selected following standard material selection processes. The required cutting speed was achieved by proper gear arrangement which transferred the rational motion of the wheels to the blade, consequently increasing the speed by about 300%. The average cutting capacity of the lawn mower is 62.48 m²/hr. The stress analysis on the blade using the simulation tool of the solid works software gave a maximum von mises stress that is 252 times less than the yield strength of the blade material. Also, a maximum deformation of 0.00271mm obtained from the analysis is quite infinitesimal hence, the blade can withstand both stress and deformation resulting from the cutting operation.

Keywords: grass, lawn mower, blade, cutting speed, cutting capacity.

Title: Steel Work Design and Analysis of a Manual Lawn Mower

Author: Okolie Paul C, Sylvester Emeka Abonyi, Okolie Uchenna Onyebuchi, Chikelue Edward Ochiagha

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 14-23

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 22-September-2023

Abstract: The Grain characteristics, tensile strength and hardness of solid solution heat treated copper-silicon-titanium and copper-silicon-magnesium alloys have been investigated. The alloy was melted in an inert gas-controlled vacuum melting furnace to ensure purity and prevent oxidation. The cast samples were solution heat treated at 900°C for 5 h. The microstructure of the developed alloys was examined using optical metallurgical microscope (OM). The OM images revealed even dispersion of fine grains in the copper matrix after additions of titanium and magnesium. This microstructural changes led to improvements of both ultimate tensile strength and hardness of the alloy. Application of solid solution treatment led to further refinement and modification of grains in the Cu-3Si-3(Mg, Ti) alloys, leading to further increase in the mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength values of Cu-3Si-3Mg and Cu-3Si-3Ti alloys were increased by 7.4% and 3.8% after solution heat treatment, while about 21% and 9.2% increase in hardness, respectively were recorded. Addition of magnesium increased the percentage elongation of the parent alloy from 9.4% to 19.1% in as-cast condition, but after heat treatment process, a decline in percentage elongation was recorded.

Keywords: Cu-Si-Ti; Cu-Si-Mg; surface morphology; solid solution; strength.

Title: Grain characteristics, tensile strength and hardness of solid solution heat treated copper-silicon-titanium and copper-silicon-magnesium alloys

Author: Agatha Ifeoma Ijomah, Kingsley Chidi Nnakwo, Eugene Ekedumogu Nnuka, Ifeanacho Uchenna Okeke

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 7-13

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 14-September-2023

Abstract: This study explored the impact resistance of Al, Mo-doped copper-silicon alloy. The alloys system were developed via stir-casting technique and subjected to solid solution heat treatment at 900^oC for 5 h. The microstructures of the ternary alloys were analyzed and correlated with the investigated properties. Results showed that the Cu-3Si-3Al and Cu-3Si-3Mo alloys demonstrated excellent impact resistance. The Cu-3Si binary alloy initially recorded impact energy of 13.2 J. After adding Al, the impact energy increased to 14.2 J. The impact energy of Cu-3Si-Al ternary alloys was increased by 74.6% after undergoing solid solution treatment. The as-cast Cu-3Si-Mo alloy had lower impact resistance than the parent alloy but showed improved impact energy after solid solution strengthening; reaching 18.9 J. This change in impact resistance is attributed to increased solid solution of Al and Mo in the copper matrix. The density of the parent alloy (Cu-3Si) decreased when molybdenum (Mo) was incorporated, going from 8.21 g/cm³ to 7.81 g/cm³. After undergoing solid solution treatment, the density of Cu-3Si-Mo alloy decreased further to 7.6 g/cm3.The parent alloy (Cu-3Si) had better electrical conductivity compared to the ternary alloys. This difference in electrical conductivity was attributed to increased solid solution of Al and Mo in the copper matrix, which decreases the mobility of copper atoms.

Keywords: Impact resistance; surface morphology; strength; conductivity; properties.

Title: Tailoring the surface morphology of Al, Mo-doped Copper-silicon alloys for enhanced impact resistance

Author: Agatha Ifeoma Ijomah, Kingsley Chidi Nnakwo, Ifeanacho Uchenna Okeke, Jerome Ugwu odo

International Journal of Novel Research in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2394-9678

Vol. 11, Issue 1, September 2023 - August 2024

Page No: 1-6

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 14-September-2023