Abstract: This paper studies effects of changes in saliency ratio on the electromagnetic torque performance of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (IPMSMs). The saliency ratio (q-axis to d-axis inductance ratio) L_q/L_d has a decisive impact on the formation of both the magnet and reluctance torque in the IPMSM. A MATLAB dq-axis dynamic equations simulation model was developed to assess the torque response with different saliency ratios. The results reveal that as the saliency ratio increases, the average and peak torque increase on the whole, mainly because the contribution of reluctance torque becomes considerable. A motor produces only magnet torque at the saliency ratio of unity, and the reluctance torque becomes dominant as L_q becomes larger than L_d. It can be seen by the time-waveform of the electromagnetic torque higher torque values obtained by larger saliency ratio. Besides the torque improvement, the simulation showed that the torque ripple increased slightly which means a trade-off between performances and smoothness. Additionally, when analyzing the stator current dynamics it was observed that as the saliency value increases i_q remains rather the same, although i_d is outlined with more dynamics, resulting in profound transients in higher saliency ratios. The simulation also generated characteristic curves of saliency ratio versus average torque, peak torque and torque ripple. These results validate that the saliency ratio greatly affects the performance and dynamic characteristic of IPMSMs. This knowledge can be used to optimize rotor design for high performance electric drive applications. The MATLAB model developed in this work is a flexible platform for design assessment and can also be used for testing control strategies or for validating experimental outcomes.

Keywords: Electromagnetic torque, interior permanent magnet synchronous motor, MATLAB simulation, saliency ratio, stator currents.

Title: IMPACT OF SALIENCY RATIO VARIATION ON TORQUE PERFORMANCE IN INTERIOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

Author: Dominica C. Ihem, Rachael I. Ovbiagele, Chidiebere D. Obasi, Uchendu U. Nlerum

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 46-54

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 24-June-2025

Abstract: Nigeria's 330 kV transmission grid still grapples with operational issues like voltage instability and high transmission losses quite frequently nowadays. Integrating Static Synchronous Compensator and solar photovoltaic systems profoundly affects steady-state conditions on weak buses within Nigeria's 48-bus grid infrastructure. Simulations were run with MATLAB and Power System Analysis Toolbox under four distinct scenarios namely base case, STATCOM only, PV only, and combined STATCOM with PV. Results show combined deployment drastically improved bus voltages at Birnin Kebbi Akangba Lekki Aladja and Alaoji from as low as 0.89 pu. Line loading at weak buses decreased substantially from over 90 percent below 75 percent and available transfer capability rose sharply by nearly 29 percent. Total system power loss decreased substantially from 42.5 MW under base case conditions and settled at 28.6 MW with combined support. Hybrid STATCOM and solar PV integration remarkably bolsters voltage stability and system efficiency within Nigeria's transmission grid quite effectively.

Keywords: Available transfer capability, Nigeria transmission grid, solar photovoltaic, STATCOM, voltage stability.

Title: STEADY-STATE ANALYSIS OF NIGERIA 330 KV POWER NETWORK UNDER STATCOM AND SOLAR PV SUPPORT

Author: Dominica C. Ihem, George A. Ugwu, Chidiebere D. Obasi, Uchendu U. Nlerum

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 36-45

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 24-June-2025

Abstract: To avert the usual loss of revenue due to failure associated with using different inappropriate composite (plywood) makes for various needs as a result of unavailability of requisite technical data, analysis of flexural strength of wood composites (plywoods) in Nigerian markets was conducted. Three most common makes in the market and most frequently purchased were identified and subjected to test to ascertain the bending strength at peak or their modulus of rupture (MOR). The materials were conditioned as required by the testometric machine (a universal testing machine) and tested. Data were generated and dynamics of stress-strain curve obtained from computer program. Results indicate that, Caledonian recorded 16.973 N/mm2, Plywood EQ recorded 9.467 N/mm2 and Viewpoint recorded 4.956 N/mm2 as the maximum stress each of them can withstand while being bent before failing or rupturing. This means that plywood Caledonian which recorded the highest bending strength at peak of 16.973 N/mm2 is the best in Nigerian market in terms of bending strength tolerance. Depending on the need for plywood with regards to MOR, especially those in the construction industry, choice on the make of plywood should refer to result of this research. If the result of this paper is effectively utilized and applied especially in the construction sector it would prevent the frequent collapse of building under construction shortly after casting of beams even before setting is attained which is usually attributed to bending strength at peak of materials used for casting of beams, hence precluding loss of revenue.

Keywords: Bending Rigidity, Creep, Durability, Elasticity, Flexural Modulus, Flexure Strength, Mechanical Test, Modulus of Rupture, Resilience.

Title: ANALYSIS OF FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF WOOD COMPOSITE (PLYWOOD) IN NIGERIAN COMMERCIAL SECTOR

Author: Ilo, C. P., Ajibo, J. I., Dim, E. C.

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 30-35

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-June-2025

Abstract:  Starch was processed from freshly harvested cassava, dried and stored for dextrin production. The starch was mixed separately with HCl and HNO₃(nitric acid) as catalysts at different concentrations, temperatures and times. This was to determine the effect of the process parameters on the production of yellow dextrin. Temperature range of 50 to 90°C was adopted while acid concentration range of 0.1 to 0.5 M and time range of 20 to 60 minutes were used for the dextrinization process. The process parameters for the dextrinization of starch was optimized using Central Composite Design (CCD) expert Stat-Easy 360. The results obtained showed that the temperature of 80°C and roasting time of 30 minutes with concentration of 0.4 M using HCl gave a dextrin with the highest solubility of 76.596%, while using Nitric acid, temperature of 80°C, roasting time of 30 minutes and concentration of 0.4, M gave a Dextrin with the highest solubility of 53.6172%. 

Keywords: Adhesive, Cassava, Catalyst, Dextrin, Response surface method, Starch.

Title: Optimization of Process Parameters for Yellow Dextrin Production

Author: Francis Anezichukwu Agu, Nkiruka Justina Edeani, Chisom Marymiracle Nwaeze

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 20-29

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-May-2025

Title: How Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Being Utilized in Structural Engineering

Author: Ahmad Abdulla Aldashti

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 14-19

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-March-2025

Title: The Relationship between Structural Engineering, geology and The Climate

Author: Ahmad Abdulla Aldashti

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 9-13

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-March-2025

Title: The Relationship between Civil Engineering Planning and Human Comfort in Society

Author: Ahmad Abdulla Aldashti

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 5-8

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-March-2025

Title: The Importance of Civil Engineering in Urban Planning

Author: Ahmad Abdulla Aldashti

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 1-4

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-March-2025