Abstract: Liver transplantation to be successful, patients must adhere to a strict regimen of immunosuppressive drugs every day for the rest of their lives and nurses play a crucial role in the establishment of a successful transplantatation so nurse must have good knowledge and practice about immunosuppression drugs. Aim of the study was to evaluate the Effect of educational intervention program on nurses’ knowledge and practice about immunosuppression drugs of pediatric age groups   with actual post liver transplant. Materials and method:  A quasi experimental study was conducted at the transplant units at liver institute of al Menoufiya University Hospital, Shebin El-Kom. The subject of the study consists of 60 nurses and evaluated two times before, immediately post EEP. Two tools were used. Tool one: Nurses' knowledge related to immunosuppression drugs. Tool two was nurses' practice related to immunosuppression drugs observational check list. Results: The result of the study provide that nurses knowledge and practice immunosuppression drugs before EEP was inadequate which increase immediately post. Conclusion and recommendation: Continuous in-service educational program for nurses regarding nursing management of children post liver transplantation taking immunosuppression drugs.

Abstract:Chronic hepatitis C is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and has a negatively influence on quality of life. Sofosbuvir-containing regimens have been approved for treatment of hepatitis C virus that can have impact on the quality of life. Nurses play an essential role in the management, prevention, and care of people with HCV through educating patients with chronic hepatitis C infection and their families on preventing HCV transmission, disease process and potential treatment options .The aim of the study was to evaluate quality of life for chronic hepatitis C patients adherent to sofobuvir based regimen. A prospective observational design was used. The study was conducted at the viral hepatitis center which affiliated to Benha city. A purposive sample of 200 patients were chosen . Two tools were used for data collection; 1) Structured interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the patients' demographic characteristics, past and medical history. 2) The 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate quality of life for the studied patients.The study results showed that less than quarter (5.0,12.5,14.5, and 15.5) had good knowledge about Sofobuvir treatment as instructions, period of treatment, correct doses and side effect respectively these results were improved after implementing the program to reach 45.0,30.0,54.0 and 79.0 respectively, the results showed highly statistically significant differences through three phases,also The study concluded that quality of life of the patients was improved during follow up phase than base line before initiated the course of treatment and during the treatment regimen, also the patient knowledge was improved during the course of treatment and decline during follow-up phase but still better than pre-treatment phase with highly stastically significant diffrence between treatment phases.  The study recommended that Disseminate health educational booklet for patients with hepatitis C virus undergoing Sofobuvir treatment related to quality of life and further studies about factors enhancing quality of life among hepatitis C virus patients undergoing Sofobuvir treatment is needed.

Abstract: Positioning is one of the most frequently performed nursing activities, however there is lack of knowledge about the relationship between hemodynamic and different body positions among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Aim: to examine the effect of semi-fowler positions on oxygenation and hemodynamic status among critically ill patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Design: A quasi- experimental (repeated measures) design was utilized. Setting: the study was conducted at neurosurgical ICU of Menoufia University Hospital, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Sample: A convenient sample of fifty patients who were admitted to the neurosurgical ICU with TBI. Tools: Semi structured demographic Questionnaire, Cardiorespiratory parameters Questionnaire, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), APACHE II scale. Results: there was a statistically significant increase in MAP from 93.02 ± 1.69 to 96.50 ± 1.33, p<.05 after 30 minutes of positioning the patients at 45°  HOB Elevation  while there was no significant difference in RR, systolic/diastolic BP, CVP, Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen, Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (P> 0.05). While  after 30 minutes of  the 30° HOB Elevation there was a highly statistically significant decrease in HR, SBP, Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen, Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide,  RR (87.94 ± 1.34; 122.5±1.7, 27; 36 ± 2.19; 18.54 ± 1.58) (P< 0.001). Conclusion: semi-fowler position of the 30° HOB Elevation has a positive effect on hemodynamic and oxygenation. Recommendation: Development of practice guidelines for critical care nurses to position mechanically ventilated patients at 30 degree HOB elevation after TBI to improve oxygenation and hemodynamic status.
Keywords: Semi-Fowler Position, Hemodynamic, Oxygenation, Traumatic Brain Injury.
Title: Effect of Semi Fowler’s Positions on Oxygenation and Hemodynamic Status among Critically Ill Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Author:Asmaa M. Abd El-Moaty, Naglaa M. EL-Mokadem, Asmaa H. Abd-Elhy
ISSN 2394-7330
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The birth of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) is a potentially traumatic event for the parents and siblings so; those children need care and attention from community and pediatric care providers. The study aimed to assess, plan, implement and evaluate the effect of self-learning package on mothers' knowledge and practices.  Setting: This study conducted at Neurology outpatient clinic of Zagazig University Hospital. Sample: The study subject consists of 50 mothers having children with CP were attending the previously mentioned setting at the time of this study. Methods: Mothers' assessment sheet, it consisted of four parts, part 1: Socio demographic data of the studied subjects, part II: Past history and family history of CP, causes and complications, part III: This part concerned with assessment of child dependency in activities of daily life (ADLs), as well as mothers' awareness regarding their children needs, and part IV: Mothers' knowledge about CP and practical application of the self-learning package regarding CP, Results: The main results revealed that there were highly statistically significant differences between pre, post and follow up phases of self-learning package implementation, Conclusion: The present study findings revealed that mothers had poor knowledge and practices related to CP and its management. Subsequently, they didn't follow the correct instructions related to treatment and care. There was a positive effect of self-learning package on improving knowledge and practices of the studied mothers. Recommendations: Encourage use of self-learning package for mothers having children with cerebral palsy. Supply those families with counseling, self-learning package, programs, community based centers and rehabilitation centers to support them and making their life to be normal as possible.

Abstract: Backrest elevation is one of the most frequently performed nursing activities in the critical care, often providing an essential focus for planning other nursing activities. Aim of the study was to examine the effect of backrest elevation on oxygenation and hemodynamic status among mechanically ventilated critically ill patients after Coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Setting: The study was conducted at the open heart surgery, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Menoufia University Hospital. Sample: A convenient sample of fifty critically ill patients who were admitted to the open heart surgery ICU. Design: A quasi- experimental design was utilized. Tools: A Semi Structured Demographic Questionnaire, Cardiorespiratory Parameters Questionnaire, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scale. The results: there was a highly statistically significant improvement in oxygenation (PaO2, SaO2, and ScvO2), and hemodynamic parameters (PR, RR, MAP and CVP) after 10 minutes of the 30° backrest elevation position comparing with the 20° and 45° backrest elevation position, P <0.001. Also there was a highly statistically significant improvement in oxygenation (PH, PaO2, SaO2, and ScvO2) and hemodynamic parameters (PR, RR, MAP and CVP) after 30 minutes of 30°backrest elevation position comparing with the 20° and 45° backrest elevation position. Conclusion: The 30°backrest elevation position had improved Oxygenation and hemodynamic status among postoperative mechanically ventilated patients after CABG surgery. Recommendation: Backrest elevation is a simple and cost effective nursing intervention for optimizing oxygenation and hemodynamic status among CABG patients. Initiate the development of training programs for critical care nurses about the importance of 30 degree backrest elevation to improve oxygenation and hemodynamic status among mechanically ventilated patients post CABG surgery.

Abstract: Menopause is normal milestone experienced by a total of 130 million Indian women living beyond the menopause into old age by 2015.Post menopausal woman make up a relatively small proportion of the population in developing countries(ranging from 5 to 8%), whereas in developed countries they make up over 15% of the total population an average annual growth rate of 2-3.5% in the number of women aged over 50 is projected for the developing regions between 1990 and 2030.Many women experience this stage of their lives without any particular problems, for those who do have problems, the degrees and nature varies between individuals. Typically, women will start to experience some menopause symptoms for at least two years before their periods stop and it is not uncommon for women to continue having occasional symptoms will into their sixties and sometime seventies.

Abstract: Diarrheal disease is one of the main causes of mortality rate in under five age group children. Dehydration is main complication of diarrhea. In under 5 age group children diarrheal is the most prevalent cause of mortality. Diarrheal disease rank among the top three cause of childhood death in the developing countries. It is the second leading cause of death among under 5 children. Globally about 30% to 40% hospitalization and death due to diarrhea among children under 5 years about 5% of all child deaths are attributed to rota virus infection. Children under 3 years of age may experience as many as 10 episode of diarrhea per year. Every child has at least 2 episode of diarrhea in year that affect growth pattern to greater extent of children (WHO).
Diarrhea occur mostly during the first 5 years of life of children and usually become the cause of death so prevention and early treatment of diarrhea is necessary for that it is important to provide knowledge to every mother of under 5 years of children so occurrence of diarrhea can be reduced and if occur child get good treatment in time.

Abstract: Maternal mortality remains a major challenge to developing countries. Access to maternal health services is crucial to ensuring safe motherhood care before, during and after delivery. This study sought to explore barriers to accessing maternity care among expectant mothers at a Teaching Hospital. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The systematic random sampling technique was used to sample 345 pregnant women for the study. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from women regarding barriers to accessing maternity care. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Demographics (age, ethnicity, education, marital status, occupation) were summarized using frequency tables while the χ2 test used to determine associations between respective variables. Variables that displayed significant associations were entered into a multiple logistic regression model to ascertain the strength of association (Odds Ratios) between respective variables. At the 95% confidence interval, a p-value less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The results showed that 89.6% agreed maternal health services were available at the Tamale Teaching Hospital but, over 66.4% could not access these services due to the judgmental attitude of health staff at the facility. About 72.1% could not access lifesaving care due to lack of means of transport especially ambulance service. Another barrier mentioned in this study was the deplorable road network which hindered 68.7% of participants from accessing maternal health care. The χ2 analysis revealed that age (p<0.05), religion (p<0.05), educational status (p<0.01), level of knowledge on obstetric risks (p<0.01), number of ANC visits (p<0.01), marital status (p<0.05), income level of participants (p<0.01) and cost of services (p<0.01) determined access to healthcare services and the choice of facility delivery among the study women. Generally, logistics, and refurbishment, building of more hospital at least two in each district and the training of more health workers with positive attitude toward clients are necessities in order to adequately address access barriers. Until road networks in the country are properly constructed and accessible to all parts of Ghana, the effort to reduce maternal mortality will be unattainable.

Abstract: Extreme long waiting time in outpatient department in the Constant challenge for patients and the health providers of these services. Waiting long time are related with poor outcome to treatment, lost appointment and failure or delay in start of basic treatment. The time a patient spends at every service point before being examine by a health supplier and the overall total time a patient spends in a health facility from the arrival time to the departure time is a main cause towards the perception of the patient towards the care received. Objective: To define waiting time and related factors among patients who attend outpatient department of the Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Methodology:  Cross-sectional study was done, data collection was Conducted on 354 outpatient over a period of four weeks by an interview and pre planed questionnaire used to select patients in outpatient department .To analyses all data the data was cleaned then planned questionnaire with the time-tracking piece.  The method that was used Simple random sampling after this ,The data was entered in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 .Results: In total 354 patients were traced an interviewed 55.4 minutes usual time was noted .Many of the patients waited in the outpatient department for 65 minutes to obtain the facilities they had need. In the doctor office lengthiest waiting time was recorded which was 13.2 minutes Mostly patient came at the outpatient department to received services new consultations and follow up review. 68 % person gave response that they felt the time they had spent at outpatient department was acceptable. While, many of the patients at outpatient department 62.7% advised that waiting time can be reduced by improving availability of workers at their working points.  Department and the mean waiting time at the outpatient department is the first stair to reducing waiting time .There is a need to change internal practices and then implement at the outpatient department.  About one hour and 5 minutes many of patients spent time at the facility to be given. Maximum patients felt the total time spent in the facility is acceptable but recommended that improving availability of health workers at their stations will reduce the Distinguishing the areas that cause to delay in meet health care services at the outpatient waiting time of the patient and hence improve the provision of services.

Abstract: This study originated from a research interest in “Treatment Motivation and Hopelessness” “ischemic heart disease patients” was conducted in “order to measure the level of treatment motivation and Hopelessness among Ischemic heart disease patient”.in association with their lifestyle modification. The sample for this study was consisted on 150 patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. There were 35 females and 115 were males. The Sample was taken from Multan Institute of Cardiology and the Cardiology department of Nishter Hospital Multan. The Purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. The age range of respondents was from 35 to 77 years.  The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) was developed by Aaron T. Beck, (1974) at the center of cognitive Therapy University of Pennsylvania, which is consist on 20 true, false items. The informed consent was taken from respondents and demographic data was conducted then the Treatment Motivation Questionnaire and the Beck Hopelessness Scale were applied to them. After taking data respondents were thanked and assured that their data was only used for research purpose and will be kept confidential.

Abstract: The aim of the study is explored the association of teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward. Teenage pregnancy rates varies vastly between different countries and different regions within a country. Such pregnancies are seen mostly amongst the poorer and less educated sections of the society. In developed countries majority of teenage pregnancies occur to unmarried girls unlike developing countries including Pakistan where teenage pregnancies occur to married girls and are associated with early marriages. The objective of the study were; to study the association of teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward, to find the teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward. To identify the factors that affect the teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward. The population of the study were all teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward in Jhang city. A well-managed self-contractor questionnaire distributed to 120 teenage pregnancies with first trimester abortion in obstetric ward in different hospital in Jhang City. Descriptive statistics and using suitable statistical techniques used by data analyzed. After the collection of data, the researcher analyzed the data by T Test. Primary information was also collected in this regard and compared to assess the probability and significance of this study.

Abstract: This Thesis aimed to assess the reproductive health problems of women of child bearing age. Women’s reproductive health problems of women of child bearing age and its associated factors, explore how this affects quality of life, and describe health care seeking practices. The objective of the study were; to investigate the reproductive health problems of women of child bearing age, to find the reproductive health problems of women of child bearing age. To identify the factors that affect reproductive health problems of women of child bearing age. The population of the study were all women in Jhang city. A well-managed self-contractor questionnaire distributed to 120 women in Jhang City. Descriptive statistics and using suitable statistical techniques used by data analyzed. After the collection of data, the researcher analyzed the data by T Test. Primary information was also collected in this regard and compared to assess the probability and significance of this study.

Abstract: The present study is to design about the hepatitis B awareness among nursing staff and their vaccination. Nursing staff are at high risk of hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection during treatment of their patents. The present study is cross-sectional by nature. The study also investigate the HBV vaccination coverage in Jhang city, nursing to look into their attitudes towards the importance of vaccines and to reveal reasons associated with not being vaccinated. The objective of the study were; To study the Knowledge ,attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B awareness among nursing staff and their vaccination, to identify the perception of nursing staff towards hepatitis B awareness among nursing staff and their vaccination. To identify the factors that affect the hepatitis B awareness among nursing staff and their vaccination. The population of the study were all nursing staff in Jhang city. A well-managed self-contractor questionnaire distributed to 120 nursing staff in different hospital in Jhang City. Descriptive statistics and using suitable statistical techniques used by data analyzed. After the collection of data, the researcher analyzed the data by T Test. Primary information was also collected in this regard and compared to assess the probability and significance of this study. The result shows that highly significant (P<0.05) ** difference was found between awareness and vaccination among nursing staff. The above result shows that significant (P<0.05) difference was found between young age would have low level of awareness and their vaccination as compare to old age nursing staff.

Abstract: The study aim to determine the obstructions to discharge of EBP among nurses. This study was conducted in Allied Hospital FSD in 2017.
Material and Methods: The questionnaires consisting of 20 statements which were distributed among 249 nurses. The data would be examined by using SPSS model 20.  Descriptive statistic should be performed to the analyze data.
Results: The questionnaire was distributed to 249 nurses. Table 1 represents the distribution of the population related information. The sample included 100% women. The age was
Contain mean 25.3(SD4.47) with arrange of 21-50 years.  My results reveal that organizational level included the shortage of staff (83%), shortage of time to use internet at work place (78%), and burden of work (73%). The Barrierrs on the individual level included, deficiency of time to read literature (84%), lack of ability to work with computer (80%), and lack of skill in English language (50%). Age, educational level, job experience, and employment status was associate with organizational difficulties to application of EBP. On the individual level only education were related with difficulties to application of the EBP.  The blockage of application of EBP occur at both individual and organizational levels.
Conclusion: Difficulties to apply the EBP occur at both individual and organizational levels. The indicator of the quality in nursing is the EBP. Hence, familiarity with the EBP is recommend for nurses of Allied hospital FSD.

Abstract: Job satisfaction is generally determines by the performance, efficiency and productivity of health care professionals. Job satisfaction is said to be associated with many factors like, employee’s work load, work environment, job responsibilities, time pressure and job security. As such Job satisfaction affects employee’s performance and commitment with organization and therefore it affects the quality of health care services provided by health professionals.  The purpose of my study was to examine nurses’ views on the impact of nurses’ job satisfaction on the quality of care they deliver in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Understanding the significance of employee satisfaction, and what factors affects nurses’ job satisfaction. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study with self administered questionnaire was done in Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Sample size of the study consists of 248 qualified nurses working in this tertiary care hospital. Results: Overall 57.2% participants were with their job. Poor work environments, work load, and staff scheduling were the most significant factors affects job satisfaction. Moreover, stress, lack of training opportunities, lack of supervisory support, low salaries and time pressure were the reasons for their dissatisfaction. Conclusion: My study findings reveal a low level of overall satisfaction among nurses in Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Most of this dissatisfaction is due to, work load, poor work environment, poor salaries, staff scheduling, lack of support, time pressure and lack of opportunities for professional development.

Abstract: Abstract: Today, patient satisfaction with the emergency services is measured as one of the main indicator for the quality of hospital care service. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of patient satisfaction with the emergency department services at Allied Hospital Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad.
Methods:  A cross –sectional study was conducted among patients (aged 18-58< years).
A convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. A total of 355 patients were taken for the study purpose. A structured questionnaire was used to record patient’s feedback on service quality in the ED. Respondents were either patients or their relatives.
Results: A total of 355 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 37.5 years. Patients were highly satisfied with the behavior of the Doctors and Nurses respectively 82% and 83%, whereas the lowest level directed to supporting staff. Overall patient satisfaction with all aspects of care was 52% (n-180) satisfied, 35% (n-124) partially satisfied and 13% (n-46) not satisfied.
Conclusion: Satisfaction of the patients is a main quality indicator to identify areas of perfection in emergency departments, and to provide better care and services to the patients.

Abstract: Quality of health care has become crucial in improving patient satisfaction. The health care organization should make sure that patients receive high level quality care. Attempts have been made to improve this condition but it seems not much achieved in this regard. This is due to the limited information about the factors that affecting the provision of services quality.  The purpose of my study was to examine nurses’ perception on the factors that affecting the provision and quality of health services in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study with self administered questionnaire was done in Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Sample size of the study consists of 248 qualified nurses working in this tertiary care hospital. Results: Overall 76.6% participants were not satisfied with quality of care provided at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Low employees’ capacity, Poor communication, shortage of employees, lack of facilities and lack of financial resources were the reasons for the provision of low quality care in tertiary care hospital. Conclusion: The findings of my study finally concludes that work force, employees’ capacity, communication channels technology and financial resources should be improved to make sure the  provision and quality of healthcare services in public health sector.

Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of self management education on patients with all type of diabetes.
Design: A Cross sectional study design was used to evaluate the diabetic patient who received education has better outcome and improved quality of life then those who not received education.
Setting:  Medical,surgical and Gynae unit in  Allied hospital Faisalabad. Subjects: The study   model point out of hundred patients with all type diabetes (29-70 year) who were willing assigned. In this study, I only took feedback from diabetic patients through questionnaires about how they received education and how it improved effective for them.
Result:  There were major differences between the educations received and not received diabetic patients.  A total of 100 diabetic patient, the finding of my study is  63% .only 11% patients develop complication those were unaware about it. .
Conclusion:   The finding of study reveals that self management education had effect on outcome, improved quality of life and not developed the complications.

Abstract: This study shows the frequency of stress and depression accumulated fatigue and job dissatisfaction in female nurses working in medical wards of Allied hospital Faisalabad. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Allied hospital FSD. All nurses of medical wards were fulfilled the questionnaires. The data would be analyzed using SPSS version 20.  Descriptive statistics would be performed to analyzed data. My results showed that 70.8% of nursing staff had depression and stress. The major problems were heavy work load (91.7%), severe shortage of nurses (91.7%). Nurses were not satisfied with their job (79.2%). Nurse’s depression can be decrease by increase the ratio of nurses (N=42, 87.5%). Nurses were have not enough time to complete their work effectively (N=33, 68.2%). (N=38, 79.2%) nurses were reported that they were felt stifled or held back in your personal or professional life. The frequency of depression among nurses is reasonably high. Prolonged exposure to such depression without correct coping strategies may emerge as a potential risk factor for the disease. The rate of anxiety, stress and job dissatisfaction was very high in nurses.

Abstract: In the existing health care setting patient satisfaction is one of the main indicators of health care services. Assessment of patient satisfaction is a useful feature to foresee the quality and accessibility of health care services. Satisfaction of the patients’ is the degree of detection between a patient’s expectations of ideal nursing care and perception of the actual nursing care receives. The purpose of this study is to assess the patients’ satisfaction with the quality of care of nursing at Allied Hospital Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad.
Methods: A cross –sectional study was conducted among patients (aged 18-58< years). A purposive and convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. A total of 290 patients were taken for the study purpose. A structured questionnaire was used to record patient’s feedback on quality of care of nursing.
Results: A total of 290 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 41 years. About half participants were satisfied 165(57%) with the overall quality of nursing care; whereas 32(11%) were neutral about quality of nursing care and 93(32%) were not satisfied. The participants who were admitted in Medical ward were less satisfied (76%) than the participants who were admitted in surgical ward (84%).
Conclusion: Patient satisfaction is a vital quality indicator which enables to identify areas of enhancement in nursing care so as to provide better care & services to patients.

Abstract: Prevention of disease is the requirement of this era. The morbidity and mortality resulted by the disease and increasing cost of treatment demands us to emphasize more over the prevention. Immunization is the most successful part of preventive medicine (Pildat, 2014). The aim of this study is to search on the immunization system and to assess the knowledge of public regarding immunization and the common misconception among parents. Study findings show that our immunization system is not up to the mark and also there are many misconceptions in public regarding immunization (WHO, 2012).   

Abstract: In today’s complex and highly regulated health care environment it is essential to achieve patients' recovery as rapidly as possible and so that ultimately, with full satisfaction, patients leave the hospital. Pakistan is a developing country where mostly people went to public sector due to some free facilities which are given by the government.  In Pakistan nursing profession is becoming very popular among the youth of Pakistan. Therefore, this study aims to examine the quality of nursing care indoor patients in Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Descriptive Survey was adopted as research design for the study in which twenty research questions and one hypotheses were calculated. Data was collected from patients and their attendants in Allied Hospital Faisalabad. A total of 270 patients in third floor were conveniently selected for the study. An adopted questionnaire consisted of close ended questions was distributed among the attendants of the patients. Descriptive statistics of frequency count, percentages and graphs were used to analyze the data, while inferential statistics of Chi-square (X2) analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. Study findings show that there are significant findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests shows that aseptic techniques and re-admission in Allied Hospital is highly significant. Results of quality care of indoor patients in Allied Hospital are57% yes for readmission and 43% no from the community. The study was conducted at Faisalabad upon the patients and their attendants in order to examine the quality of nursing care of indoor patients. The results findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests above we find that population are satisfied with the disinfectant technique and they want to readmit there.

Abstract: Effective teaching method seems easy. It helps students in thinking, getting new ideas, applying the student’s new thoughts and dealing with new formed complex task. Pakistan is a developing country where its literacy rate is almost 60%.  In Pakistan nursing profession is becoming very popular among the youth of Pakistan. “Effective teaching methods “according to general nursing students and their work performance at Faisalabad. Descriptive and inferential Survey was adopted as research design for the study in which twenty-one research questions and one hypotheses were calculated. Data was collected from general nursing students of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. A total of 135 students were conveniently selected for the study. An adopted questionnaire consisted of Likert scale questions was distributed among the students.
The use of descriptive statistics frequency, percentages and graphs were used to examine the data, while Chi-square (X2) analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. Study findings show that there are significant findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests that The study was conducted at Faisalabad upon the students of general nursing in order to examine the Effective teaching methodology on their learning performance
The results findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests above we find that almost all the respondents preferred the effectiveness of multimedia projectors for best teaching and learning method. The study was conducted at Faisalabad upon the students of general nursing in order to examine the Effective teaching methodology on their learning performance. The results findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests above we find that almost all the respondents preferred the effectiveness of multimedia projectors for best teaching and learning method. The study was conducted at Faisalabad upon the students of general nursing in order to examine the Effective teaching methodology on their learning performance. The results findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests above we find that almost all the respondents preferred the effectiveness of multimedia projectors for best teaching and learning method.

Abstract: We believe that education has a purposeful effect on the knowledge and also on the work place with better out comes. Pakistan is a developing country where its literacy rate is almost 60%. In Pakistan nursing profession is becoming very popular among the youth of Pakistan. Therefore, this study aims to examine the impact of education on nurses for their work performance in the specialty of burn care. Impact of education on the nursing students and their work performance at Faisalabad. Descriptive and inferential study was adopted as research design for the study in which twenty research questions and one hypotheses were calculated. Data was collected from degree nursing students and diploma nursing students from independent college of nursing and Allied Hospital Faisalabad. A total of 200 students were selected for the study. An adopted questionnaire consisted of multiple choice questions was distributed among the students.
Descriptive statistics of frequency count, percentages and graphs were used to analyze the data, while inferential statistics of Chi-square (X2) analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. Study findings show that there are significant findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests that degree program in Nursing responses are highly significant with respect of diploma programs. Degree Nursing have more knowledge, experience, care, handling of patient’s equipment and labs.70% degree students told right answers and 60% diploma students told right answers.The study was conducted at Faisalabad upon the students of diploma nursing and degree nurses in order to examine the impact education on their work performance. The results findings indicate from the frequency tables and chi-squared tests we find that degree program in BS-Nursing responses are highly significant with respect of diploma programs. BS Nursing have more knowledge, experience, care, handling of patient’s equipment and labs.

Abstract: The ability to detect malaria parasite with two immunochromatographic Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits namely: NOVA malaria kit and SD-Bioline were evaluated by comparison with stained blood film microscopy using thick and thin stained blood films. The work was done between July and August 2010. Blood samples of 202 patients were examined for malaria parasites. The Rapid diagnostic test using SD-Bioline and NOVA malaria kit was also performed using colour bands at lines 1 and 2 to interpret positive and negative test results. The observed prevalence rates were 158(78.2%), 131(64.9%) and 59(29.2%) by microscopy, SD-Bioline and NOVA malaria kit respectively. Analysis of results showed that the sensitivity and specificity rates were 77.7%and 80% for SD-Bioline and 36.3% and 97.6% for NOVA malaria kit respectively. Test Accuracy was 78.2% and 49% for SD-Bioline and NOVA malaria kit respectively. The positive predictive values were 93.1% and 98.3% respectively while the Negative predictive values were 50.7% and 28.7% respectively. Statistical test of the techniques effectiveness at 5% and 1% alpha levels showed that there is significant difference between the performance of RDT kits and the film microscopy technique. Comparison of infection rates using microscopy, SD-Bioline and NOVA malaria kit between the sexes and among four age groups (0-15years), 16-30years, 31-45years and >45 years) showed no significant difference at 1% and 5% alpha levels. Rapid diagnostic tests are recommended for emergency cases to commence treatment and also in epidemiological studies; however, it must be verified with microscopy which remains the gold standard.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a prime risk factor for cardiovascular disease and ia a major cause of death in both developing and developed countries.
Objective: The study was carried out to assess the cardiovascular risk factors and to predict the gender that may likely die of cardiovascular disease in the next ten (10) years in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Method: A total of 50 adult diabetic subjects comprised of 31 males and 19 females, who attend Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi, took part in this study. The study design was a case study. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee and written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Also, questionnaire was used to obtain their biodata and the risk levels of both modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Fasting blood samples were drawn from the subjects for biochemical assays. A Framingham cardiovascular risk score was used to determine the risk of the individuals to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Student t-test was used for data analysis.
Results: The age (years) of males was the same with that of the females at p>0.05.The mean Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values were significantly higher in male subjects compare to the female subjects (p<0.05).  The mean FBS was not significantly different between both genders (p>0.05). The serum levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol (TC) were not significantly different both genders (p>0.05). The Framingham cardiovascular risk score was significantly higher in male subjects than in female subjects (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings observed a greater risk of death from cardiovascular events within ten years in men than in women of the same age bracket.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Framingham risk calculator, gender.
Title: Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors of Adult Male and Female Diabetic Patients Attending Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
Author: Ezeugwunne IP, Ezeora JC, Ogbodo EC, Analike RA, Okwara JE, Oguaka VN, Amah UK, Meludu SC
ISSN 2394-7330
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Nursing students frequently report feeling of anxiety prior to entering their first clinical setting in obstetrics courses. Video film is a teaching and learning strategy that is used in nursing education to prepare students for the clinical workplace. The study aimed: to evaluate the effect of video film about normal delivery care on maternity student's anxiety, satisfaction and performance in delivery room. A quasi experimental design was adopted. Convenient sample of 200 students recruited from third -year undergraduate maternity nursing students, which divided into two equal groups (100 students for control/ traditional lab group) and (100 students for study / video group ) .The study was conducted at two Settings 1) maternity nursing lab at the Faculty of Nursing- Helwan university 2) labor and delivery room of maternity hospital.  Data was collected by using 1) Visual analogue anxiety scale (ten centimeters bar shaped) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) after the intervention in clinical area. 2) An Observation checklist: 3) Students’ satisfaction scale. 
Results: The two subjective anxiety indicators are lower in the video group than in the traditional lab group with statistically significant deference between the two groups. (t=2.440, p=.016).The students' performance was significantly higher among video training group than control group.
Conclusion: The students who trained by video about delivery reported lower anxiety scores, high practical competences and higher satisfaction than students who trained by traditional lab only.
Recommendation: Using video film in clinical training immediately before going to delivery room is a recommended learning strategy.

Abstract: The perineal tear was also found that instrumental delivery is significantly more associated with maternal birth injuries as compared to vaginal deliveries. Birth weight >3 kg is associated with more maternal birth injuries, in the form of vulvas lacerations (69.5%), vaginal lacerations (84.8%), cervical tears (70.9%), Para-urethral tears (62.5%).  A higher incidence of 2nd degree perineal tear was observed in multipara 0.77%. In primipara, there was 0.53% of the total incidence of 2nd as well as 3rd degree perineal tears whereas in Multipara it was 1.58 % which is more and statistically significant OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to assess the level of knowledge on prevention and management of perineal tear among staff nurse of selected hospitals at vadodara. MATERNAL AND METHOD: Pre experimental one group pre test and post test research design, and purposive sampling technique were adopted to achieve the goal of the study. The tool consists of two parts. First part consist demographic data of the sample and second part consist of structured knowledge questionnaires. The sample was 60 staff nurse taken from selected hospitals at vadodara. RESULT: The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In the pre test mean score was 17.03+4.2 and post test mean score was 27.18+2.6. The post test level of knowledge mean score is significant graters than the pre test knowledge means score. The‘t’ calculated value 17.41 is more than tabulated value 1.96 at 0.05 level of significant. Therefore H1 was accepted. CONCLUSION: The‘t’ test was completed between pre test and post test score indicate that there was improvement the level of knowledge among pregent women. Hence it incanted that structured teaching programme was effective. 
Keywords: Knowledge, effectiveness, structured teaching programme, pregent.
Title: A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding The Prevention and Management of Perineal Tear During Normal Delivery Among Staff Nurses Working in Maternity Unit At Selected Hospitals of Vadodara District
Author: Shital Patel, Prof. Ravindra H.N., Mrs Vruti Patel, Mrs Poonam Gadiya, Sijo Koshy
ISSN 2394-7330
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Critical thinking is increasingly gaining importance in nursing education, and various teaching strategies have been identified to apply it. Mind mapping is one of these innovative learning approaches. This study was aimed at examining the effectiveness of Mind Mapping Learning Technique (MMLT) in enhancing nursing students’ learning. The study was conducted at the Technical Institute of Nursing affiliated to Menoufyia University in Egypt using a quasi-experimental design with control group and pre-post assessment. It involved a convenience sample of 200 new entry students equally divided into intervention or control groups. Data collection tools included a written test administered to both groups before and after the intervention, and an evaluation sheet to assess students’ perception in the intervention group about the Mind Map. The results showed that the control group had a slightly lower pass rate (42.0%) compared with the intervention group (51.0%) before the intervention, but with no statistically significant difference. After the intervention, the pass rate was 89.0% in the intervention group and 57.0% in the control group (p<0.001). They had a higher median score (87.0) compared to 71.0 in the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, the median post-pre difference in their score was 17.0 compared to only 4.0 in the control group (p<0.001). The perception of mind mapping technique in the intervention group was very high, and it correlated positively with the improvements in their scores (r=0.617, p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, the mind mapping technique was the main significant positive independent predictor of the post-intervention score, in addition to female gender. The improvement in the scores of the intervention group was predicted by their perception score. Hence, mind mapping is an effective and acceptable educational technique that can help nursing students. Further studies are needed to examine its effectiveness in long-term retention of information, and its impact on the utilization of the acquired information in practice.

Abstract: Pain and psychological characteristics form a mutual bond. It isn't just a matter of chronic pain which has harmful effects on the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects of a patient's life. At the same time various psychological factors play a major role in the way each patient separately experiences pain.
Mindfulness based stress reduction is a type of intervention which seems to be a very promising addition to the treatment of chronic pain and the subsequent improvement of physical function and psychological wellness. The core of MBSR consists of intensive training on mindfulness meditation and its applications in everyday life and confrontation of stress illness and pain. The practice of meditation is the practice of focusing attention towards order each and every second in a way that is neither judgmental nor reactionary.

Abstract: Aim: Patients with chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis are at high risk of mental health problems. Knowledge about the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in multiple sclerosis is needed for planning and intervention. This study examines the prevalence of depression, stress and anxiety among multiple sclerosis patients.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive design and was conducted in Mazandaran, Iran. Data were collected between November and October 2014. The sample was selected using convenience sampling from all those who presented for follow up in Mazandaran MS center. Data were collected using a demographic variables checklist and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (v18.0, PASW Statistics) and a variable was considered to be statistically significant if P < 0.05.
Results: A final total of 40 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participants was 33.1 years (SD:  6.8, range:  20-49). The mean scores for depression, anxiety and stress were 10.02 ± 4.8., 8.02 ± 3.8 and 7.80 ± 3.44 respectively. In total, some level of depression, anxiety and stress was reported by 90%, 90% and 92% of patients respectively.
Conclusion: The rate of depression, stress and anxiety among multiple sclerosis patients is high. Health care provider should be aware of this and planned for prevention and management.
Keywords: Chronic disease, multiple sclerosis, depression, stress, anxiety, Iran.
Title: Prevalence of Psychological Problems among Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Author: Maedeh Pourhossein Alamdary, Fazlolah Ahmadi, Mahmod Abedini
ISSN 2394-7330
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Family members are an essential element of the care to critically ill patients. Examining family satisfaction with the care of the critically ill patients helps to realize their concerns and accomplishment of greater satisfaction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe family satisfaction with the care to the critically ill patients in ICUs at Menoufia University Hospital.
Methods: Design: A non-experimental, descriptive design was used.
Setting: Medical, Surgical, Neurological and Cardiac ICU in Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt. 
Sample:  A convenient sample of 100 family members of critically ill patients was recruited.
Tools: The demographic data of the patients were extracted from the patients' medical records and the Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey (CCFSS) used to measures satisfaction with care.
Results: The Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey means score was 2.35 (0.94) which indicate that the respondents of the patient’s family member were not satisfied with the overall care provided to their relatives. Family members reported the greatest satisfaction with support subscale (2.45 + 0.98) and they were least satisfied with the comfort subscale (2.35 + 0.97) and proximity subscale (2.35 + 0.94).
Conclusion and Recommendation: The findings of the study provided insight into family satisfaction in the Intensive Care Units. Information generated from the study can explain the concerns of the critically ill patients' family members. Proper education of critical care nurses and implementing new strategies addressing the concerns of patients families can significantly improve overall family satisfaction and ultimately produce a friendly environment. 

Abstract: Every organization should pay considerable attention to task performance and satisfaction and continually evaluate these phenomena.
Objectives: to focus on selected factors associated with midwives ׳job satisfaction , areas for improvement, and to establish whether, there is a statistically significant correlation between general job satisfaction and the selected factors.
Methods: The current descriptive-correlation survey was taken among 100 midwives working in the maternity teaching hospitals, Sudan. They were enrolled in the study by the total coverage  sampling method. Data were gathered by self administered  questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS Version19.
Results: Finding of the study indicate overall midwives job satisfaction; also it indicates positive and significant correlation between midwives intention to continue their work post retirement and job satisfaction. Besides, these findings, job substantial has negative and marked correlation with midwives experience.
Conclusions: Authorities should facilitate the employees’ improvement, so that, both women, and midwives can enjoy the benefits.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate suicidal risk of patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Specifically, the study aimed at investigating whether patients with PD are in danger of committing suicide, as well as whether this suicidal risk is associated with factors like social support, level of patients’ depression, as well as characteristics of PD, name the stage of the disease that patients are currently in and the number of years that patients have Parkinson. Quantitative research was held in the form of survey with questionnaires. 70 randomly-chosen patients with PD participated in a survey with questionnaires, which consisted of the GDS Scale, the Glo.Di.S Scale, and the RASS scale. Research findings indicated that female patients with PD reported higher danger, obviously because of their higher dissatisfaction for life. Next to the above, patients with PD that were of lower educational level, the intensity of the symptoms of whom were higher, as well as those were at a later stage of their chronic disease were those that revealed that they had higher danger of committing suicide. In contrast, patients subject to adequate family and social support did not report high danger of committing suicide. The theoretical and practical conclusions and implications of research findings are discussed and the limitations of the study are presented.

Abstract: HIV is a global pandemic with enormous socio-economic implications. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HIV among patients attending tertiary health care institutions in River state. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Rivers state ministry of health. About 3ml of venous blood was collected from each subjects and a structured questionnaire was administered to the subjects for collection of socio-demographic data. The results showed a 56% of HIV among the study subjects, while mean age of the infected subjects was 36.1±11.2 years.  The occurrence of HIV was found to be significantly higher (p =0.0003) in the female subjects (66.2%) compared to the male subjects (33.8%). The occurrence of HIV was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.0001) among married persons in the three senatorial zones (RE: 56.4%, RW: 58.1% and RSE: 56.3%). HIV occurrence was significant among people with secondary school education (p = 0.0052) as the highest academic qualification (RE: 54.5%, RW: 50.3% and RSE: 51.6%). Self-employed patients were found to be more significantly infected with HIV (p <0.0001) in the three zones (RE: 48.4%, RW: 31.9%, RSE: 36.3%). The study shows a significant prevalence of HIV among the patients, indicating a high transmission rate of HIV in the state. There is a need for intensified awareness campaign of HIV among residents of the state.

Abstract: HIV and TB are infections are serious infections of major public health challenges globally, with serious socio-economic ramifications especially in low resource settings. The prevalence of HIV and TB in the Nigeria varies from region to region. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of HIV and TB among patients attending tertiary hospitals in the Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Six hundred and twenty two subjects referred for HIV and TB testing in the University of Port Harcourt and Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital were recruited into the study. Sputum and blood samples were collected and analyzed using standard methods. The results showed that 49.7% had HIV infection, 16.9% had HIV/TB coinfection, 6.6% had TB infection; 26.8% did not neither HIV nor TB. The occurrence of HIV among the male and female subjects was significant (c²=15.39, p<.0001). The mean age of the subjects is as follows; HIV (36.2 ± 11.1 years), TB (40.8 ± 12.7 years), HIV/TB (39.8 ± 11.7 years) and No infection (38.3 ± 17.9 years). The mean CD4 counts in the subjects is as follows; HIV (367.7 ± 256.2), TB (318.6 ± 260), HIV/TB (178.0 ± 162) and No infection (638.5 ± 244). The difference in the CD4 count between infected persons and non-infected persons was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The study shows HIV and TB is prevalent among young people; there is need for improved prevention and control of HIV and TB in Port Harcourt.