Abstract: Background: Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in type 2 diabetes and can worsen to serious liver damage. The connection between these two conditions highlights the need for combined treatment approaches. This article assesses the relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and some clinical factors in the context of Type II diabetes.

Method: The study was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Rivers State, Nigeria. The study included 300 participants aged 18 and above, consisting of 150 diabetic patients and 150 age- and sex-matched controls. Participants underwent clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric assessments. Blood samples were collected to analyse liver enzymes, glucose, and lipid profiles according to standard laboratory procedures. Additionally, all subjects received abdominal ultrasound examinations to detect hepatic steatosis, indicative of NAFLD.

Results:  There was a 32.7% prevalence of NAFLD among the diabetic patients. Normal kidney function is observed in 53.1% of the NAFLD group and 49.5% of the non-NAFLD group. Mild reduction in kidney function appears in 32.7% of the NAFLD group and 35.6% of the non-NAFLD group. Moderate to severe reductions in kidney function show comparable rates across both groups, and these differences are not statistically significant (p = 0.939).Hypertension is more prevalent among those with NAFLD, with 30.6% of these individuals affected compared to 16.8% of those without NAFLD. Although this trend suggests a higher occurrence of hypertension in the NAFLD group, the difference is only marginally significant (p = 0.053).

Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the distribution of hypertension and kidney function among persons with NAFLD. However, these findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to management, encompassing strategies to improve glycaemic control, monitor kidney function, manage blood pressure effectively, and promote healthy weight management.

Keywords: NAFLD, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Glucose control, BMI, Hypertension.

Title: HYPERTENSION, KIDNEY FUNCTION AND NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN TYPE II DIABETES

Author: Owamagbe E. M., Kiyesi A. L., Ogamba M. I.

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 176-183

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 11-August-2025

Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia is a life-threatening condition of pregnancy, especially in developing countries that has many adverse effects on maternal and fetal conditions. Increasing women’s awareness of pre-eclampsia is recommended to promote self-care practice and hypertension control to prevent its serious complications and early detection of preeclampsia. Aim: to evaluate the effect of the empowerment model on pregnant women’s self-care practice for early detection of preeclampsia. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct this study Setting: The study was conducted at Maternal and child health center in (Al-Hadiqa) in Fayoum city, Egypt. Sample: A convenient sample of 70 pregnant women was recruited. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool I: A Structured interviewing questionnaire: Tool II: Self-care reported practice. Results: The study revealed that there were statistically significant improvements in the studied pregnant women’s knowledge, and self-care reported practice post-intervention in comparison with pre-intervention (p<0.001). Conclusion: The empowerment model had a significant positive effect on enhancement of knowledge, and self-care practices of pregnant women for early detection of preeclampsia. Recommendation: Continuous health education programs should be an integral part of the routine antenatal care for pregnant women regarding preeclampsia can help in providing continuous support and early detection of preeclampsia during pregnancy.

Keywords: Early detection, Empowerment Model, Preeclampsia, Pregnant women, Self-Care Practice.

Title: The Effect of the Empowerment Model on Pregnant Women’s Self-Care Practice for Early Detection of Preeclampsia

Author: Neama Mahmoud Gouda, Entesar Fatouh Abdel Moniem, Hanan Fawzy Elsayed

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 160-175

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-August-2025

Abstract: This study investigated the contributing factors of maternal malnutrition among pregnant women in Barangays Latud and Panalingaan, Rizal Palawan, Philippines. Employing a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 60 pregnant women (30 from each barangay) through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The demographic profile revealed a high proportion of younger mothers (15-24 years old) and a significant number with multiple pregnancies. While access to prenatal care was generally available, utilization varied due to geographical distance, financial constraints, lack of transportation, and a preference for traditional remedies, particularly in Barangay Latud. Dietary assessments indicated inconsistent intake of essential nutrients, largely influenced by financial difficulties and knowledge gaps. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between age and nutritional status, education, or socioeconomic status. Furthermore, no significant correlations were observed between nutritional status and dietary intake, energy demand, health conditions, or access to maternal services. However, access to prenatal care showed a significant association with both health issues and socioeconomic status. These findings highlight the complex interplay of structural and individual-level factors contributing to maternal malnutrition in these rural communities, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions addressing accessibility, affordability, and culturally sensitive health education.

Keywords: Access to Maternal Health, Barriers to Prenatal Care, Health Issues and Pre-existing Medical Conditions, Maternal Health, Maternal Malnutrition, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), Nutritional Status, Prevalence Rate of Maternal Malnutrition, Socioeconomic Factors.

Title: Contributing Factors of Maternal Malnutrition among Pregnant Women in Barangays Latud and Panalingaan, Rizal Palawan

Author: Lorina Arquio, Erlyn Bepinoso, Jocelyn Maglente, Antonette Paguntalan, Prof. Marilyn Piñon

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 157-159

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 30-July-2025

Abstract: Background: Climate changes are the greatest threat to public health in the twenty-first century, a widespread issue with far-reaching effects especially in vulnerable population as pregnant women. Pregnant women's health may be improved by educating them about the hazards involved in their pregnancy. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Self-Instructional module in pregnant women's awareness and self-care practices regarding climate change. Research Design: A quasi-experimental study design one group (Pre-posttest) was used to fulfill this study. Setting: The current study was conducted in Maternal and Child health Center at Fayoum city. Sample: A Convenient sample of 70 pregnant women. Tools for data collection: One tool (structured interviewing questionnaire sheets) was used to collect data: Demographic Characteristics, Obstetric history, pregnant women's Awareness Assessment Sheet, pregnant women’s self-reported practices regarding their adaption towards climate changes and Pregnant women’s satisfaction sheet. Results: pre-implementation of self- instructional module, 17.1% of the pregnant women exhibited satisfactory knowledge regarding climate change as compared to 85.7% exhibited satisfactory knowledge post-implementation. Concerning the practices score, it was significantly improved post- implementation as compared to pre- implementation (88.6% vs. 20%, respectively). Moreover, a significant positive shift in the total attitude score of pregnant women related to climate change post- implementation as compared to pre- implementation (91.4% vs. 34.3%, respectively). Conclusion: The current study concluded that the nursing instructional module had a significant positive effect on pregnant women' knowledge and practices regarding climate changes, which supports the research hypothesis. Recommendations: Awareness initiatives are needed for pregnant women to enhance their knowledge, preventive measure of practices and improve their attitude regarding climate change.

Keywords: Awareness, Climate change, Nursing Instructional Module, practices, Pregnant women.

Title: The Effectiveness of the Self-Instructional Module in Pregnant Women's Awareness and Self-Care Practices Regarding Climate Change

Author: Eman Mahmoud Ali, Entesar Fatouh Abdel Moniem, Fatma Aboulkhair Farag, Shaimaa Hassan Mohamady

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 136-156

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 23-July-2025

Abstract: The mechanisms of normal labor known as the cardinal movements, involve changes in the position of the fetus’s head during its passage in labor. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Kinetic Rhythm on Pain, Anxiety and labor progress among primipara Women   Design: Quasi-experimental study design two group (control &study) was used. Setting: The study was conducted in labor unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital - Ain Shams University, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of 100 women (50 control group & 50 study group) was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Tool:  Data was collected through 4 tools Tool I: A structured interviewing questionnaire tool II: A Visual Analogue Scale of women pain during labor. Tool III: Visual Facial Anxiety Scale used to assess anxiety level during labor tool VI: maternal and fetal wellbeing sheet (partogram) Results: the control group had a significantly higher mean duration of the first stage of labor compared to the study group. There were also highly statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of pain and anxiety during the active phase after applying kinetic rhythm. (40%) of study group had mild labor pain at cervical dilatation (8cm) while control group had moderate labor pain. Also, (36%) of study group had mild-moderate anxiety at cervical dilatation (8cm) compared to (38%) of control group had moderate high level. Conclusion: The use of kinetic rhythm improve pain and anxiety levels during labor, as well as promoting labor progress among primiparous women. The findings suggest that incorporating kinetic rhythm techniques into labor management can be an effective intervention to improve the overall labor experience by enhancing comfort and reducing psychological distress, ultimately facilitating more efficient labor progression. Recommendations: provide training program at the late third trimester for women and their relatives about the benefits and how to use the kinetic rhythm during first stage of labor with different anatomical positions.

Keywords: Anxiety, kinetic rhythm, labor, pain, primipara women.

Title: The Effect of Kinetic Rhythm on Pain, Anxiety and Labor Progress among primipara Women

Author: Hala Mahmoud Megahed Draz, Entesar Fattouh Abdelmonem, Shaimaa Hassan Mahamady, Dr.Mostafa Mohamed Abbas

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 124-135

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 21-July-2025

Abstract: The escalating demands on educators within special education contexts have attracted considerable attention due to concerns about their workload and associated stress levels. These pressures not only affect the professional performance of educators but also resonate within their family dynamics, frequently straining personal relationships and overall family health. Studies have indicated that educators operating in these high-stress settings often undergo emotional distress, which can result in burnout and a decline in occupational well-being, ultimately impacting their domestic life. These dynamics highlight the need for a thorough investigation into both the situational factors that contribute to educator stress and the wider implications for family systems, thus validating the focus of this literature review on these essential interconnections.

Keywords: workload, stress, special education, family dynamics.

Title: The Impact of Workload and Stress in Special Education Settings on Family Dynamics of Educators: A Literature Review

Author: Makri Christina, Tsitsara Maria, Mastoraki Eleni, Berdou Evgenia, Palantza Konstantina, Anesiadis Christos, Kouroupaki Alexandra, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 116-123

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 14-July-2025

Abstract: Introduction: Rehabilitation programs are opportunities for persons with cerebral palsy to reach their optimal level of independent functioning in society and to enhance patient outcomes.

Aim: To compare where outcomes of rehabilitation center for cerebral palsy patient deffier between Sudan and King Saudi Arabia

Method: Comparative descriptive study conducted in Sudan (4 rehabilitation center 64 employees) and Saudi Arabia (6 rehabilitation center 67 employees).

Result: Good outcomes of rehabilitation centers in King Saudi Arabia than in Sudan, in Sudan outcomes for rehabilitation center poor, minimum cases suffering from epilepsy were improved in both countries. But outcome for Nutritional and Sensation better in Sudan than Saudi. 

Concoction: There is significant differences in outcome treatment patients in the rehabilitation centers in Sudan and in Saudi Arabia

Recommendation: Develop exchanges on expertise between countries in field of rehabilitation by the ministry of health and social affairs.

Keywords: Rehabilitation programs, rehabilitation center, cerebral palsy patient, health and social affairs.

Title: Assessment Outcome on rehabilitation centers for children with cerebral palsy comparative study between Sudan and King Saudi Arabia

Author: Dr. Igbal Abdelrahman Ibrahim Dawi, Mahamoud Mohammed Ibrahim Mohamoud, Dr. Aldawaha Mohammed Aldawaha, Dr. Sara Ahmed Adam Musa

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 111-115

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 02-July-2025

Abstract: Background: Gaslighting is a psychological manipulation tactic causing the victim to question their perception of reality, memory, and sanity. This form of manipulation works through a combination of subtle and overt techniques, designed to disorient and weaken the victim’s self-trust, making them more dependent on the manipulator. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess gaslighting tactic by narcissistic leaders among nurses. Setting: The study was conducted at Ain Shams university hospital. Design: A descriptive research design was used in this study. Subject: Convenient sample was composed of all nurses who were available (n=118). Tools: One tool, namely, workplace gaslighting scale was developed by the researcher. Results: The majority of participants reported low levels across all dimensions. Specifically, Denial had the highest proportion of low-level responses (93.2%), followed by Misdirection (86.4%), Manipulation (84.7%), and Intimidation (83.9%). Deception and Isolation were also predominantly low (81.4% and 78.0%, respectively). Superiority had the lowest proportion of low-level responses (72.0%), with relatively higher moderate (15.3%) and high (12.7%) levels compared to other dimensions. All chi-square (χ²) tests were statistically significant (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Based up on the results of the current study, it is concluded that nursing personnel have a low level of gaslighting tactic, while the minority of them have a high level. In addition to that, there is a presence of a highly significant difference between level of gaslighting tactic. Recommendation: Establish confidential and accessible systems for reporting gaslighting or other psychological abuse without fear of retaliation. Encourage studies in different healthcare settings to explore the prevalence and impact of gaslighting, helping to tailor future interventions.

Keywords: Gaslighting Tactic, Nurses.

Title: Assessment of Gaslighting Tactic by Narcissistic Leaders among nurses

Author: Mona Khalil Eldardir Hegazi, Lamia Ismail Keshk, Waffaa El Sayed Hassan Helal

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 100-110

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 25-June-2025

Abstract: In recent years, advancements in technology have significantly altered the healthcare landscape, especially in the field of physical therapy. This transformation encompasses a wide range of innovations, from telemedicine to digital rehabilitation tools, all of which collectively improve patient engagement and the effectiveness of treatments. Numerous studies have highlighted that digital health technologies aim not only to enhance accessibility but also to address ethical concerns related to patient autonomy and beneficence. Furthermore, the integration of telemedicine has shown benefits for resource utilization and continuity of care, particularly during critical times such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, challenges remain, including the need for adequate training for both healthcare providers and patients, as well as issues surrounding data security. This review will offer a critical evaluation of these technological advancements, focusing on their implications for improving physical therapy outcomes while also tackling the persistent ethical and systemic challenges.

Keywords: physiotherapy, healthcare, progress.

Title: Technological developments in physical therapy and their impact on healthcare: A Literature Review

Author: Stefani Sevasti, Mitzelou Georgia, Zagkavierou Styliani, Stathoulias Konstantinos, Chountasi Foteini, Giannoudi Eleni-Athina, Papaggelis Dimitris, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 93-99

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-June-2025

Abstract: Background: Stereophonic 3D sound processing offers new rehabilitative strategies for conductive hearing loss (CHL) by simulating natural acoustic environments, enhancing spatial awareness and speech understanding. These technologies mimic sound wave interactions with the head and ears, potentially easing challenges faced by those with CHL. However, their clinical application remains limited, as research has primarily targeted sensorineural hearing loss and cochlear implants. There is a pressing need to assess their effectiveness for conductive impairments in real-world settings. This case report seeks to evaluate the use of advanced sound processing techniques in clinical practice, focusing on functional outcomes and user experiences. Methods: This report presented a boy, aged 3.5 years, with conductive hearing loss (mild to moderate) in both ears, due to secretory otitis media (fluid in the middle ear). Through speech therapy sessions with application of combined use of bone conduction headphones and stereo three-dimensional sound & speech processing in real time, there was a significantly accelerating child's linguistic and social development, offering them an auditory experience as close as possible to normal hearing. Conclusions: The combined use of Bone Conduction Headphones and Real-Time Stereo 3D Sound & Speech Processing can create a rich, spatially oriented, auditory environment that: a) Restores auditory accessibility to children with conductive hearing loss, b) Accelerates phonological development, c) Cultivates spatial hearing and attention skills, and d) Creates a positive learning cycle.

Keywords: Real-Time Stereo Three-Dimensional Sound, Speech Therapy, Case Report, Greece.

Title: Application of Stereophonic 3D real-time sound and speech processing to conductive hearing loss: A Case Report

Author: Mitsiou Nikolaos, Mevouliotis Ioannis, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 87-92

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 15-June-2025

Abstract: The escalating prevalence of chronic illnesses and injuries demands a proactive stance in healthcare, underscoring the crucial importance of preventive physiotherapy measures. These measures are designed not only to diminish the occurrence of injuries but also to improve overall public health by enhancing quality of life and fostering functional independence. Recent research highlights the effectiveness of these interventions across diverse populations, revealing notable decreases in injury rates, especially within sports contexts. For example, data indicates that specific preventive approaches, such as the Nordic hamstring exercise and the FIFA 11+ program, have effectively reduced hamstring strain injuries among professional football players, thereby highlighting the significance of organized protocols in injury management. Additionally, the rise of telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates how technological innovations can facilitate the efficient delivery of preventive strategies, ultimately revolutionizing healthcare provision. Therefore, investigating the comprehensive effects of these interventions is vital for informing future public health initiatives.

Keywords: physiotherapy, prevention, public health.

Title: Preventive physiotherapy interventions and their impact on public health: A Literature Review

Author: Stefani Sevasti, Sougioultzi Aikaterini, Dedes Petros, Fylakouris Georgios-Eleftherios, Karavasili Marianna, Sypsis Vasilis, Hajdini Marios, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 78-86

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 15-June-2025

Abstract: In today’s labour market, outsourcing is becoming more and more common, which has resulted in a greater percentage of workers having unstable employment. Although this approach gives businesses flexibility, it frequently causes outsourced workers to feel unstable, which may negatively influence their overall work experience.  This article examines how job insecurity affects workers who are outsourced, concentrating on three important aspects: employee well-being, work engagement, and job satisfaction. The analysis emphasizes how perceived work uncertainty can lower commitment, lower motivation, and have a detrimental impact on psychological and emotional well-being. It does this by drawing on current research and pertinent empirical results. The results highlight how crucial it is to manage employment conditions in outsourced agreements and imply that enhancing job security, especially in flexible work models, can have a major positive impact on a workforce that is more resilient, engaged, and pleased.

Keywords: Outsourced, Job insecurity, Well-being, Work engagement, Job Performance.

Title: Work Without Permanence: Impact of Job Insecurity on Outsourced Employees

Author: Prof. C. M. Thyagaraja, Ms. Ashwini B Hosur

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 66-77

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 15-June-2025

Abstract: The paper seeks to analyze Biostatics and its impact on healthcare outcomes as well as how impactful it is on health research result implementation. Biostatistics is a crucial field in public health and biomedical research. It is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in biology. It encompasses the design of biological experiments, the collection and analysis of data from those experiments and the interpretation of the results. In this review, the research question describes how Biostatistics has impacted the healthcare system. Describing Statistical modeling forms as an important part of numerous modern biological theories. Further the review highlights current trends and the future aspect in terms of shaping health care and improved access for all to healthcare services. Genetics studies, since its beginning, used statistical concepts to understand observed experimental results. Some genetics scientists even contributed statistical advances with the development of methods and tools; however, how were these findings interpreted and implemented? Biostatistics has been used to study the effects of environmental factors on human health, such as air pollution and water contamination. Biostatistics is also used in clinical trials to determine the efficacy of new drugs and treatments. How best can those results help to find solutions for health care challenges in Africa and global populations.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Bayesian Statistics, Big Data.

Title: Analyzing Biostatistics and It’s Impact on the Healthcare System

Author: Carol Mukuka Mwansa, Moni Narayani

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 58-65

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-June-2025

Abstract: The paper seeks to analyze the free health care policies, health insurances and the effect they have on the quality of healthcare. The research question is “Do the exemption of health user fees affect the quality of care among populations". Health systems act as the buffer between the citizens and the bills, maintain the health of individuals and communities, and should treat those who need medical attention or aid. There are three main theoretical models of modern health care that are linked to health economics and management. The department of health has a vast and huge responsibility to manage chronic conditions, sick visits, physical accidents, preexisting conditions and acute occurrences. There are three models that are underpinning the study, including the Beveridge model, the Bismarck model and the National health insurance model. These three models have dominated the healthcare system and have diverse impact depending on the specificity of implementation angle. The findings reveal that countries like the United Kingdom, Spain, and New Zealand mostly use Beveridge model for the government's fend for their citizens. On the other hand, the Bismack model is widely used in Japan, Germany, Switzerland and Belgium as this model demands that workers who contribute to the national economy should benefit more regarding health care. The third model is the national health insurance which demands that citizens should contribute to their health management minimally per month or per year then receive care as per agreement of packages. Studies however show that combining these models have a positive impact and are more cost effective on a country than singling out on one model. Most of the literature supports that even most African countries are agreeing to the fact that health is expensive and so to be cost effective and deliver quality care, demands an understanding of the setup, work on supply chain and incorporate all the three models without compromising on quality health care delivery and coverage.

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Value based health care, Health insurance and coverage.

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE OPERATIONS OF HEALTH INSURANCES VERSES THE QUALITY OF HEALTHCARE OUTCOMES

Author: Carol Mukuka Mwansa, Moni Narayani

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 51-57

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 09-June-2025

Abstract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), also known as Kala-azar is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) that is progressively emerging as a significant public health concern particularly in Kenya’s arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). There is inadequate information on the spatial distribution, burden, and prevalence of the disease. The aim of this study is to: determine spatial and temporal distributions of visceral leishmaniasis in selected communities of Isiolo County. Design: An observational study using participatory epidemiology (PE) methods was adapted. Setting: This study was conducted in two Sub-Counties of Isiolo County namely Merti and Garbatulla. The two study sites were selected on the basis of Kala-azar being identified as an important public health problem by communities living in the two areas, and recent Ministry of Health reports which indicated that the two sites had documented cases of Kala-azar. Sample: Purposive 18 study communities comprising of 433 households. Tools: Informal interviews using semi-structured questions were conducted with study participants to gather indigenous qualitative and quantitative data on the disease and its surveillance. Seasonal calendars were utilized to assess the frequency and magnitude of the disease across the two study areas. Results: Overall, 273 households (63%) reported Kala-azar cases with a total of 15 deaths resulting in a case fatality rate of 3.5%. Temporal analysis indicated that Kala-azar cases predominantly occurred during the dry seasons suggesting a seasonal variation in the disease’s incidence. Conclusion: Merti and Garbatulla were identified as VL endemic clusters where communities demonstrated knowledge of VL high risk areas and recognized seasonal patterns of disease transmission. Recommendation: Understanding the VL spatial and temporal distribution in Kenya is crucial for effective control and elimination strategies.

Keywords: Endemic, Isiolo, Kala-azar, Kenya, Participatory Epidemiology, Seasonal Calendars, Spatial, Temporal, Visceral Leishmaniasis.

Title: Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Selected Communities of Isiolo County, Kenya

Author: Victor Mwiti Marangu, Prof. Eric M. Muchiri, Dr. Dorothy Kagendo

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 40-50

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 07-June-2025

Abstract: Nocturnal enuresis is a common distressing disorder that carries a significant burden. This disorder has psychological, social and financial consequences for the families and their children. The aim of this study is to: evaluate the effect of a health educational program on the mothers having children suffering from nocturnal enuresis. Design: A quasi-experimental design (pre and post- test) was utilized. Setting: This study was conducted at outpatient clinics affiliated to the Health Insurance at Beni-Suef governorate in school health unit of health insurance. Sample: Purposive samples of 259 mothers have children diagnosed with nocturnal enuresis. Tools: One tool, structured interviewing questionnaire, contained four parts, demographic characteristics of mothers and their children, past and present medical history of children, mothers’ knowledge regarding nocturnal enuresis, mothers’ attitude regarding nocturnal enuresis and mothers’ reported practices regarding nocturnal enuresis. Results: There was 8.1% of studied mothers had good level of total knowledge about nocturnal enuresis at pre educational program. While improved to 81.0% of them at post educational program. Also, there was 41.7% of studied mothers had positive attitude regarding nocturnal enuresis at pre educational program. While improved to 88.0% of them at post educational program. Also, there was 39.4% of the studied mothers had satisfactory level of total reported practices regarding nocturnal enuresis at pre educational program. While improved to 90.0% of them at post educational program. Conclusion: There was a marked improvement in mother’s knowledge, attitude and reported practices regarding nocturnal enuresis at post educational program with a highly statistically significant difference. Recommendation: Continuous health educational program for mothers of children with nocturnal enuresis is essential to update their knowledge and skills about advanced treatment strategies.

Keywords: Mothers, Health Education Program, Nocturnal Enuresis.

Title: The Effect of a Health Education Program on the Mothers Having Children Suffering from Nocturnal Enuresis

Author: Eman Ramadan Saber Ahmed, Dr. Amany Mohamed Saad, Dr. Ons Said El- Zayat

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 23-39

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 28-May-2025

Abstract: As educational paradigms evolve in response to advancements in technology, it becomes increasingly important to examine the shift from conventional teaching methods to digital education, especially for older learners. This particular group often encounters distinct challenges related to mobility and accessibility, making the adoption of teaching technologies not only timely but also crucial. Transitioning to digital education enhances accessibility and expands the range of learning opportunities available, thereby promoting lifelong learning among seniors. Innovative technologies, such as eye-tracking systems, have shown promise in personalizing learning experiences by assessing the interactions between educators and students, which in turn boosts engagement and information retention. Additionally, the rising awareness of mental health concerns within educational settings underscores the need for flexible teaching strategies that can mitigate the stressors typically associated with traditional learning environments. This narrative review seeks to thoroughly examine mobility teaching technologies and their influence on educational practices designed specifically for senior learners.

Keywords: mobility teaching technologies, elderly.

Title: Mobility Teaching Technologies: From Traditional Programs to Digital Education for Seniors. A Literature Review

Author: Stefani Sevasti, Zacharis N. Dimitrios, Stolakis Konstantinos, Aggelakou-Vaitsi Stamatina, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 15-22

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-May-2025

Abstract: Dietary inequality represents a significant challenge with extensive consequences for public health, underscoring the urgent necessity for innovative strategies to enhance food accessibility. Various social determinants, such as economic status, educational attainment, and geographic location, play a crucial role in creating disparities in access to healthy food choices. This situation has given rise to the field of social dietetics, which is essential in tackling these inequalities. Social dietetics investigates the complex relationships between food environments and health outcomes in different communities, advocating for systemic reforms that ensure fair access to nutritious food options. Recent studies have highlighted the harmful effects of ultra-processed foods on mental health and behavior, emphasizing the critical need for interventions across multiple social levels. Furthermore, lessons learned from related fields like gambling and tobacco control stress the necessity of comprehensive public health strategies that could also benefit the food system. This study aims to conduct a narrative review of social dietetics to shed light on effective methods for alleviating food insecurity, especially among at-risk populations.

Keywords: social dietetics, inequality.

Title: How Social Dietetics Can Overturn Inequality in Access to Healthy Eating: A Literature Review

Author: Fountoulaki Styliani-Theodora, Kostoula Alexandra, Panagiotidis Sofoklis, Aggelakou-Vaitsi Stamatina, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 8-14

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-May-2025

Abstract: The implementation of interdisciplinary strategies in special education institutions has become increasingly crucial for meeting the varied requirements of students with disabilities. The collaboration of educators, healthcare professionals, and families is essential for establishing an inclusive educational atmosphere that promotes both academic achievement and social growth. Current research highlights the significant contributions of support teachers. This narrative review aims to consolidate various research outcomes and emphasize the complex challenges encountered by students with disabilities within special schools. By concentrating on interdisciplinary methods, this review seeks to demonstrate how the cooperation of educators, healthcare providers, and families can improve the educational experiences of these students. Through selected examples, the review evaluates the distinct ways in which particular conditions, such as Specific Learning Disorder and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, can affect both psychological health and academic success, thereby requiring a unified approach from multiple stakeholders. Additionally, as illustrated by educational robotics, capitalizing on students' strengths can enhance their inclusion, underscoring the critical importance of community involvement and shared expertise. Ultimately, this narrative review aims to connect theoretical frameworks with practical applications, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive strategies that adapt to the changing demands of special education settings.

Keywords: interdisciplinary approach, special education, children.

Title: Interdisciplinary Approach and the Importance of Collaboration in Special Schools: A Literature Review

Author: Makri Christina, Tsitsara Maria, Plagaki Stavroula, Berdou Evgenia, Bougadi Stavroula, Anesiadis Christos, Kouroupaki Alexandra, Vaitsis Nikolaos

International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing

ISSN 2394-7330

Vol. 12, Issue 2, May 2025 - August 2025

Page No: 1-7

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 11-May-2025