Abstract: Guru Nanak had a wider vision of India before his eyes..  He was a keen observer of the socio-political happenings of his period. His descriptions of the political institutions and practices of his time as pictorially described in “Babarvani” are extremely revealing. While condemning the misdeeds of his contemporary rulers, we find in the Adi Granth, verses stating that Guru Nanak has started a rule of truth and he is said to have enjoyed rajyoga in clear reference to Raja Janak.
After the martyrdom of the fifth Guru, the values and principles for which he gave his life were not surrendered. The sixth Guru then took up the sword to uphold, and protect them, and the light, that was thought to have been extinguished, flared up into a big blaze which ultimately consumed its antagonists. In the tradition of Guru Nanak, the contribution of Guru Gobind Singh towards national reconstruction is unique. His aim to found Khalsa was to make people strong, both in body and mind. It was the time to resort to arms to fight against tyranny and injustice. Guru Gobind Singh’s writings were imbued with nationalistic spirit. Guru Gobind Singh founded the national militia in the form of the Khalsa for the defence of the country. With the rising of the Khalsa, the long dark night of ruthless persecution and inhuman treatment came to an end.

Abstract: The Gandhian concept of Swadeshi was invoked to afford massive and politically motivated protection to Indian large and small industry from foreign competition under the import substitution regime from 1956 -1991. Firstly, it must be clarified that Gandhiji’s concern was primarily protecting the weak native cottage industry from both domestic and foreign industrial competition. Secondly, while it was true that he often expressed a desire to see domestic entrepreneurship develop uninhibited by unfair competition from foreign industry in pre-Independent India, it is not clear whether he would have favoured the massive and complicated system of industrial tariffs, quotas and licenses which sprang up in the 1970s under the rubric of domestic self-sufficiency. It is now generally agreed that the net result following from this latter policy has been an inefficient and high cost domestic industrial structure, not to mention the emergence of a black economy based on import duty evasion.

Abstract:The purpose of the study is to assess the entrepreneurial creativity on entrepreneurs based on their gender. Creativity is a mental and social process involving the generation of new ideas or concepts or new association of the creative mind between existing ideas or concepts. Entrepreneurial creativity has been defined as the generation and implementation of novel, appropriate ideas to establish a new venture. An entrepreneur is in need of entrepreneurial creativity to turn his/her creative idea into a commercially saleable commodity or service. It implies that when creativity is enhanced then the abilities of entrepreneurs also gets developed and sharpened. The gender of entrepreneurs play a predominant role in determining their creativity. To achieve the purpose of this study, a sample of sixty entrepreneurs were selected from Chidambaram town of Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu through non-probability convenience sampling. The primary data was collected through a well structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of the study showed that the gender  of the entrepreneurs have a significant influence on entrepreneurial creativity of entrepreneurs with certain interesting  facts.

Abstract: Traditional leadership system among ethnic groups in Ghana is one of the revered customary legacies that survived and retained the essential elements of authority and respect among the people. Its role is to provide adjudication, social cohesion and economic promotion among the people.  This study examined the economic impacts of the chieftaincy conflict on married women in Ghana. To achieve the aim of this study, a qualitative method was used. The study revealed that the conflict between the Andani and Abudu gates (royal clans) in Dagbon has devastating effects on the economic lives of the women in the community. Specifically, common business ties were broken which is major support for developing countries’ economy. The study also found the emergence of new terms and patterns of economic behaviour and relationships in Northern Ghana, especially Dagbon.

Abstract:  Gully is generally said to be a channel developed by extended rainfall. It is a common form of soil erosion in the lateritic highland of Medinipur(West) District in the state of West Bengal. It also causes siltation and sedimentation in the River Kansai and Silaboti catchments area. The erosion of the subsoil reduces soil productivity and the continuous extension of gully in the monsoon season threatens roads building, trees, etc. The magnitudes of this erosion depend on infiltration, slope pattern, shear stress for erosion, vegetation cover and as well as anthropogenic factor related to the this area. Deforestation on highland region and other areas increases the rate of erosion in a very rapid rate. The physical landscape is changing rapidly and at the same time cultural landscape is also affected with the advancement of gully in agricultural land, forested land and also other useful land. The focus of this research project is therefore on gully erosion and its impact western and north western part of the district. The natural causes of gully erosion are indirect actions of man which in some cases are even orchestrated for political reasons. In this study some major causes has been identified such activities as laterite excavations, bad farming practices, unplanned road construction and urbanization and other anthropogenic factors. These activities, coupled with annual flooding from rain water are causing havoc and untold hardship as gullies continue to develop and expand rapidly in the area. Utilizing the opportunities offered by Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS), this research came up with vital spatial datasets on the spatial distribution, development and impact of gully erosion in Western part of the district of Medinipur(West).

Abstract: The presented work model is outcome of research study done at Ahmednagar district. Considering effectiveness of training activities on performance of employees of large scale industries the researcher has tried to put the answer by introducing ‘TEE through EMM’ model. As like HR audit, on periodic basis every organization can do TEE (Training Effectiveness Evaluation) at the end of year. An analytical study was undertaken on Effectiveness of training and development activities on performance of employees at large scale industries of Ahmednagar district. With intuition to throw some light on training activities of district’s large scale industries researcher had begun the study. A detailed questionnaire was drafted for fulfilling the research objectives. Data was collected from 100 employees of sectorial representative enterprises. And results were analyzed. The outcome revealed the presented model where training activities has been suggested in most professional manner. The constructed archetypal is different than just analyzing impact of post training. ‘TEE through EMM’ provides tools for planning, gathering information, converts the datainto meaningful format by systematic analysis and evaluates,measures effectiveness training on employee’sas well as firm’s performance. In short model accomplishes need of comprehensive, integrated, strategic & structural sequence of activities in the training area of the corporations.

Abstract: Population is the basic element of human geography. It is dynamic in nature. Due to dynamic character of population, it has been increasing at alarming rate day by day. On the other hand, food production is limited to meet people dietary needs as well as their food preferences. For this reason, the ever increasing rate of population leads to the development of food crisis. It deteriotes the economic development of any country So, the present paper aims to analyze causes of rapid population growth of India and the impact of population explosion on food security.  It is also an attempt to implement fruitful measures of food security by controlling population growth so that all people at all time have access to sufficient safe, nutritious food to maintain healthy life at affordable cost in rural and urban areas.

Abstract: This study examined the influence of social media on study habits of undergraduate students in one of the Kenya universities. Social media is a very important communication development in the current world however it has posed a threat in the cultural morals of many students. The negative influence is on the rise and this investigation is focused to the study habits of undergraduate students. The research design used was descriptive survey and also employed both qualitative and quantitative (Mixed method) approach for data collection involving questionnaire administration and oral interview. While 15 other students were interviewed differently on face to face sessions and their responses recorded. Ten lecturers from the same school were also interviewed and responses were recorded for further analysis. Uses and gratification theory was used to guide this study. This theory posits that users of any media are not passive audience but rather active and always make choices for particular media consumption based on their motivations. The results revealed that many students’ use social media especially Face book, Whatsap and Twitter that they spend increasing amount of quality time on these networks even during lecture hours. Findings of this study suggest that social media could negatively impact on the students’ study behaviour, academic progress and that timed-off software should be installed to control its use by students. This study will be of immense benefit to the university administration as it has shown the potent dangers of uncontrolled use of these social media by students and therefore the need to put in place measures to forestall its alluded negative effects.

Abstract: Gandhi's ideas on rural industrialization is not mere a conceptual exercise but a part of his campaign for rural reconstruction as a means to National Freedom and socio-economic development. Gandhi used to have a geostatic view of the social problems. This is reason why he considered that the freedom of movement must be accompanied by campaign against social taboos like untouchabilty, harassment to women and weaker sections and creation of new climate for rural industrialization.

Abstract: The Santals are one of the Munda peoples who live mainly in the state of Jharkhand, Bihar, west Bengal, Odisha and Assam. There is also significant Santal minority in neighbouring Bangladesh and small population in Nepal . The Santhal society , is one of the most primitive caste among the oldest tribal of India, and it is also the largest tribal of India (Social Geography ,Ahmad Aijazuddin). The Santhals, who number more than 5 millions, consider themselves as a<<tribal>> people speaking a different language (austro-asiatic) and sharing a way of live which implies values different from those of the Hindus (Tambas Lyche.M.C.2007). The people of the Santhal society mainly depends on subsistence farming . They leads a very simple and distinct life . They belief in superstition, and these are the main cause of their backwardness. The Santal tribes of India have a typical tribal life style. Basic needs are fulfilled by forest trees and plants. The tribes are also engaged in fishing and cultivation. These tribes are India also poses a magnificent skill of making musical equipment, mats and baskets out is worth wathing. The study concentrates on the influences of modern values and institution in the day by day of the Santal spread of education, modern technology and migrants, sociologist have noted changes in the social, economic and cultural life of tribals due to such migration. More particularly the have been exposed to the processes related to modernisation and globalization. The impact of such changes can be seen in their changing cultural values, occupational structure and role perception. More particularly, the diminishing significant of patriarchies in the social life of the Santal is evident. In the traditional tribal society, specific role was assigned to man and women for maintenance of their age old tradition, custom etc. Dependency on forest based economy also influenced their cultural norms, traditions and values. Bat as a result of triblas have come close to new forms of life, institutions and values that have encouraged social transformation in their society. By the scanning of this paper, it can be said that the Santhal people( tribal group) have maintain their individuality from the ancient period.

Abstract: After the downfall of mighty empire of Gupta and after the death of emperor Harsha, and then the decline of power of Gurjara pratiharas which partially succeeded in providing unity to North India and in creating powerful empire which could successfully check the invasion of foreigners in india. Of all the events, that had a singular bearing in the history of india , Harsha death in 647 AD is significant . It left a vaccum and unleased centrifugal forces that marked the end of the ancient period in Indian history and ultimately paved the way for the Muslims rule in India. Sindh during the early years of 8th century was ruled by Dahir. Muhammad-bin-Qasim who was probably the first Islamic ruler to have invaded India in 712 and conquered Sind, which became the province of Omayyad Khilafat Qasim was invited by the Jats and Mets (Buddhists) to attack King of Dahir of Sind who had usurped the power from the previous Buddhist ruler. Qasim himself, however, was lured by the wealth of India.

Abstract: Untouchability was considered as an offshoot of the distorted form of caste system in India. It had little of religious sanction behind it and the conservatism of the Hindus was believed to have kept it alive. The untouchables were condemned to permanent social degradation, denied elementary civic rights and excluded all public places. It was, however, in the sub-montane districts of the Jammu province where the Hindu elements preponderated that the distinction between the higher and the lower caste was acute and the idea of pollution by touch was prominent. Moreover, the caste rigidity and social exclusiveness regarding inter-dinning and inter-marriage had the forces of religious law here, and therefore, the untouchables were regarded as a distinct community of inferior status, debarred from free intercourse with the superior Hindu castes on term of equality.

Abstract:  Women empowerment is the buzz word for all of us. We talk about it in public places and try to prove our inclination towards women and their issues. It is a fact that a patriarchal setup has its impacts on societal structures with ramifications in all spheres and women which constitute about half of the population can’t be free from the evil impact of patriarchy. They are pushed to a closed setup deliberately to make them subservient to the men folk in every sphere of life. They are made to depend on men and for such dependence they are restricted to demonstrate their inherent skills and capabilities. Given an open settings which allows them to flourish, women can accomplish the goals both personal and societal and prove their mantle. The present paper which is an outcome of a research work unravels that women can empower themselves with participation in Self Help Groups (SHGs). The study was conducted in the district of Puri in Odisha to analyze the impact of SHGs on empowerment of women and to find out their political networks and space for manoeuvrability after being associated with such groups. The members of different SHGs, local elite and officials both Govt. and NGOs connected with this process were interviewed to collect data.

Abstract: The purposes of this study were to describe and compare the impact of biomechanics assessment in the development of the techniques in triple jump to allowing our coach. The importance of biomechanical principles in the evaluation of performance.
In the lack of new technology Kinematic and kinetic analysis and the argument of Algerian coach to the objective assessment, our study based on exploring the literature and everything related to the subject of our research as a reference to answer the questions asked in this study:
•Are there differences in distribution properties phase ratio observed for our simple total, championships, and best performances?
•Which sentencing we can observe in this variance distribution of phases?
•Which amendment we can give an athlete to predicts a modality distribution of phases?
For that, we have choose the Analysis qualitative of variance and correlation of the distances achieve in each of the phases with the official distance of jumper, “T” and “f” ANOVA with LSD to compare implementation distribution of phases (hop, step and jump) with the results accuses.
Our aim for this research is to down on:
•   The importance of modern technology in assessing the performance of the athletes.
•   The impact of biomechanics assessment in the development of the techniques triple jump.
•   describe the importance of ratio phase to identify the mistakes used by athlete.