Abstract: The majority and minority in India problematic issues and have its long roots in the history. During the Constitution making process in the backdrop of history of communal conflict and pluralistic nature if Indian society the subject of minority s in India and constituonal protection for them was put utmost importance. Therefore, along with special constitutional provisions for the minorities, the founding father of the constitution provided for certain special rights to the certain classes such as scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, and minorities.

Keywords: Constitution, Minority, Religion, Cultural, Education, India, Safeguard, Interest.
Title: Protection of the Interests of Minority under the Indian Constitution
Author: Dr. AMIT KUMAR ISHWAR BHAI PARMAR
ISSN 2394-9716
International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies
Novelty Journals

Abstract: In this paper we provide a historical sketch of the development of reading print in the place now known as Botswana.  This history is divided into the time of the missionaries (1831 – 1835) and the establishment of the Bechuanaland Protectorate (1885 – 1965). Missionary journals, histories of Botswana and other scholarly writings were studied to find information about the development of reading Setswana and English among the Tswana.  This paper is intended to be of interest to literacy educators in Botswana.

Keywords: Print reading before independence, Botswana, Setswana and English reading.
Title: To Make a Book Talk: Print Reading in Botswana before Independence
Author: Michelle Commeyras, Lone E. Ketsitlile
ISSN 2394-9716
International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies
Novelty Journals

Abstract: This article describes the modes of interaction of the different domains concerned with societal security (social and human science researcher, technology developer, security technology end-user, security policy-maker and civil society organizations) and identifies obstacles and barriers which could hinder a successful interaction and cooperation of these actors to enhance societal security. The final result is a set of recommendations how to overcome these barriers and obstacles and how to enhance knowledge sharing and cooperation between the different domains. For these analyses two types of data were used: a survey among the different stakeholders of societal security as well as literature research about knowledge sharing in general and experiences as well as lessons-learned from other sectors (e.g. health, multinational firms) regarding preconditions, processes and methods to improve common understanding and knowledge transfer.

Keywords: Interdisciplinary collaboration, knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, modes of interaction, security research, societal security.
Title: Societal Security – Modes of interaction of different stakeholders
Author: S. Grigoleit, R. Schietke, J. Burbiel
ISSN 2394-9716
International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Word petroleum is better recognized by the crude obtained through PETRA(Greek ROCK), the chemical nomenclature of oil generally is of CnH2n+2(alkane) type,ofwhich petrol comes in the range of C5 to C8,diesel C9 to C16 and fuel oil and lubricating oil C>16.in its refined form. The thermal properties of lubricating oil obtained from hydrocarbons are not said to be environment friendly or ecofriendly due to the production of several irritative substances known as toxins and are said to be responsible for causing eye, ear and throat inflammation along with several type of allergies when they are released in to atmosphere. Besides that the thermal properties of lubricating oil obtained from vegetables are not so  much toxic, harmful and accidentally disasterous.It has been found that the obtainable lubricating oil is far more ecofriendly or environment friendly and equally biodegradable comparatively. Because the vegetable based lubricating oil remains less oxidative, therefore causes a minute disadvantage in comparison to the mineral oil. The present paper discusses, describes and highlights some of the necessary and essential properties which are meant for a lubricating oil to be good and most suitable for proper functioning of a engine.
Note: Spectral Analysis, Viscosity and Viscosity Index highlights the physico-chemical properties and biodegra dation in aerobic condition reflects the edaphic and environmental properties of oil.

Keywords: Green Chemistry, Tribology, Biodegradation, Lubricants.
Title: Comparative Study –A Mineral Oil Based Lubricant and Lubricant Obtained From Vegetable Oil
Author: Dr. V.K. Chhibber, Mr.Sanket Kumar Saxena
ISSN 2394-9716
International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies
Novelty Journals