Abstract: From the day that healthcare providers enter the field they take an oath to put patients first. This does not come without risk to themselves and their families. Everyday healthcare providers are exposed to hazards in many forms. Weather said healthcare providers is an ER nurse in a highly affected area, or in a rural area that is not greatly being affected, they all face many hazards. In the time of Covid 19 the need for healthcare providers has increased. With the increased need for healthcare providers, the risks that come with the job have also increased. Along with that the moral stress of the safety of oneself and safety of patients is at an even greater strain than before. The Purpose of this paper is to outline the pathogens and hazards present to healthcare providers prior to the current world crisis and highlight the current expert guidelines for updated PPE guidelines as well as the strain of moral and ethical dilemmas during this crisis.

Keywords: healthcare providers, Covid 19, PPE guidelines, moral stress, patients.  

Title: Moral and Ethical Distress on Healthcare Providers in the Time of Covid-19

Author: Ghalia A. Malki, Nadiah A. Baghdadi

ISSN 2394-9716

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

Novelty Journals

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of physical performance metrics in two footballer groups (injured and uninjured) during one competitive season.

Methods: In a prospective-observational cohort study for one season (2016/2017) we included thirty-four professional football players. Footballers were classified as injured (n=27) and uninjured (n=7). Using Global-Positioning-System Technology (GPS), High-Speed-Running-(HSR), Very-High-Intensity-Speed-Running-(VHS), Maximal-Sprinting-(MS), High-Metabolic-Load-Distance-(HMLD), Maximum-Velocity-(Vmax) or number of accelerations and sprints were assessed from 635 measurements. MANCOVA was performed.

Results: The mean number of injuries was 2.0 injuries/injured player, 42.6% of them occurred during the matches and high prevalence or 85.1% was estimated in the lower limbs. The clinical incidence was 1.59 injuries/player and the injury incidence 88.8 injuries/1,000 match-playing-exposure hours. Injured players in relation to counterparts had higher mean HSR (483.5 vs. 389.8meters, p<0.001), VHS (376.6 vs. 322.2meters, p=0.001), MS (105.5 vs. 67.7meters, p<0.001), sprints (7.4 vs. 4.9, p<0.001), accelerations (44.7 vs. 40.5n, p=0.008), and Vmax (8.42 vs. 8.03m/s, p<0.001). In injured players, the post injuries measurements had significant (p<0.05) positive change in mean VHS (+17.9%), HSR (+16.4%) or HMLD (+14.1%).

Conclusions: Injured players displayed higher level in physical performance metrics probably due to the effort through the rehabilitation process in order to return faster and more prepared to the official obligations reducing the injury risk.

Keywords: Global Positioning System (GPS); football; injuries; lower limbs; motor activities.

Title: Differences of physical match performance metrics in professional football players classified as injured and uninjured during a season (2016/2017)

Author: Emmanouil Smpokos, Christos Mourikis, Christos Theos, Manolis Linardakis

ISSN 2394-9716

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

Novelty Journals