Abstract: Background: Lead is a neurotoxic substance and its exposure has been recorded to impair memory and learning. The hippocampus of the brain is vital to learning and memory consolidation. Curcuma longa (Turmeric) is a medicinal plant with bioactive compounds, utilized in traditional medicine especially for neurological disorders. Aim: This study aims at discovering the neuroprotective effects of the aqueous root extracts of C.longa (ARECL) on the histology of the hippocampus after lead-acetate induced neurotoxicity. Methodology: 30 non-pregnant adult female wistar rats (150-200g) were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Group A (control) received ad libitum. Group B (Untreated) received 30mg/kg of lead acetate daily. Group C-F all received 30mg/kg of lead acetate daily for 12 days and then received simultaneous administration of 30mg/kg of lead acetate and 100, 300, 500mg/kg of the ARECL and 100mg/kg of Vitamin E respectively daily for another 12 days. All administrations were oral and the experiment lasted 24 days. The animals were sacrificed under ketamine as anesthesia, 24 hours after their last treatment. The brain was carefully harvested and the hippocampus isolated, fixed accordingly and processed for routine H&E staining. Results: Untreated group displayed degenerative injuries such as widespread degeneration of the neurons and cytoplasmic vacuolations observed in all distinct layers of the hippocampus relative to the control. Treatment with ARECL demonstrated high levels of neuroprotection as they maintained the normal histo-architecture of the hippocampus. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that C. longa exhibits a strong dose-dependent neuroprotective capacity on the histology of the hippocampus after neuro-intoxication with Lead Acetate.

Keywords: Curcuma longa, neuro-protection, neuro-intoxication, Lead Acetate.

Title: NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF THE AQUEOUS ROOT EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA LONGA (TURMERIC) ON THE HISTOLOGY OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN RAT MODELS OF LEAD ACETAT-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY

Author: Christian Chiemeka Ozor, Amarachi Favour Ogbodo, Ifeanacho Ezeteonu Abireh

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 51-55

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 31-December-2025

Abstract: Revenue generated by the global apparel market steadily increased over the course of the observed time period, up until 2020, when the corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic heavily impacted retail. In 2021, the revenue of this market was approximately 1.55 trillion U.S. dollars. According to the Consumer Market Outlook, this value will increase to almost 2 trillion U.S. dollars by 2026, and because it looks promising investors might be interested in investing in one of the big apparel companies.

The major purpose of our report is to conduct a financial analysis to determine whether Nike and Adidas are stable, solvent, liquid, and profitable enough to warrant a monetary investment. We will make suggestions for stock investors based on our comprehensive analysis, in which multiple methods are adopted to ensure the validity of the results. The main findings through our comparative and ratio analysis are presented in the tables below.

Title: Analysis of the Financial Statements of Nike and Adidas

Author: Sandra Kamupira, Raymond Langson

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 29-50

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 31-December-2025

Abstract: Owing to uncommonness of information to avert the usual resources loss due to failure associated with using unfit marine board engineered wood products in Nigerian economy with respect to their strain and deformation for various needs, technical insights relevant to prevent such loss was investigated. Prepared and subjected to test as required by a universal testing machine (UTM), the testometric testing machine were the three most sought after following their identification.  From the generated data, chats on Strain at Break (%) and Deformation at Break (mm) of the samples were ensued by computer program. From statistical analysis, Super-Plex ability to elongate at break is 61.37% and 117.96% higher than that of Marine Plex and Nplex respectively while Marine Plex elongation at break potential over Nplex is 35.07%. Again, in an ascending order of deformation at break for the samples, Nplex attained 7.771mm, Marine Plex attained 10.495mm while Super-Plex attained of 16.935mm. Empirically also, dynamics of the deformation at break exhibited analogous pattern to strain, where Super-Plex ability to resist deformation at break is 61.36% and 117.93% better than that of Marine Plex and Nplex respectively. Marine Plex deformation resistance at break potential over Nplex is just 35.05%. This sustainable avant-garde technical data forms a good tool by stakeholders like contractors and biomedical, mechanical and civil engineers. Strain at break and deformation at break research works of other engineered wood products not yet available should form future research works.

Keywords: Durability, Elasticity, Elongation, Extension, Flexure Strength, Mechanical Test, Resilience.

Title: ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH NIGERIAN ECONOMY MARINE BOARD ENGINEERED WOOD LOAD STRAIN EVALUATION

Author: Ilo, C. P., Emenike, S. U., Oshim, S. N.

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 21-28

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 30-December-2025

Abstract: In a bid to make available to stakeholders the needed technical knowledge to foreclose extraneous loss of revenue as a result of failures associated with the use of unsuitable marine board engineered wood products in Nigeria for diverse needs due to lack of such knowledge, bending modulus assessment of marine board engineered wood products in Nigeria market was investigated for sustainable economic development. Prepared and subjected to four tests per sample as required by a universal testing machine (UTM), the testometric testing machine were the three most sought after marine board engineered wood products in Nigeria following their identification. Aggregate average statistics for each sample were determined. Marine Plex, Super-Plex and Nplex had their bending modulus as 12912.0055(N/mm²), 10795.6565(N/mm²) and 4897.0685(N/mm²) respectively. Quantitatively, the bending modulus for Marine Plex is just 19.60% and as much as 163.66% better suited than that of Super-Plex and Nplex respectively. Bending modulus for Super-Plex is as much as 120.45% favorable than that of Nplex. Chats on the dynamics of the bending modulus of the samples were ensued by computer program from the generated data. This sustainable innovative technical understanding of bending modulus of marine board engineered wood products in Nigerian economy should be valued by construction companies, engineers, architects, building contractors, individuals, as well as furniture makers. Engineers in general and most interestingly engineers in the Biomedical areas as well as equipment developers and can as well utilize this knowledge. Bending modulus of other engineered wood products should form future research works.

Keywords: Bending Resistance, Elasticity, Elongation, Flexure Strength, Mechanical Test, Resilience, Rigidity.

Title: NIGERIAN ECONOMY MARINE BOARD ENGINEERED WOOD BENDING MODULUS CRITIQUES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Author: Okoye, C. C., Ilo, C. P., Kanu, S. C.

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 13-20

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 27-December-2025

Abstract: In the context of the profound integration of economic globalisation and the digital economy, the vigorous development of e-commerce has reshaped the application scenarios and competency requirements of Business English. Consequently, traditional Business English education models struggle to adapt to these industrial transformations. Grounded in a theoretical analysis perspective and based on theories such as English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and Social Constructivism, this study systematically reviews the intrinsic correlation between e-commerce and Business English education. It analyses the limitations of existing research on Business English education reform and constructs a theoretical framework for reform driven by e-commerce from three dimensions: the core logic of reform, core dimensions, and implementation paths. The research clarifies that reform should uphold the core logic of needs-orientation and scenario integration, focus on the synergistic reconstruction of objectives, content, and assessment, and rely on the implementation paths of theoretical fusion and resource integration. The aim is to cultivate interdisciplinary Business English professionals adapted to the demands of cross-border e-commerce, enrich the theoretical system of ESP education, and provide theoretical guidance for Business English education reform in higher education institutions.

Keywords: E-commerce; Business English Education; Reform Direction; Theoretical Construction; English for Specific Purposes (ESP).

Title: Theoretical Analysis of Business English Education Reform in the Context of E-commerce

Author: GUO NYUHUAN

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 6-12

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 24-December-2025

Abstract: The apprenticeship system among the Igbo was highly recognized as a sturdy indigenous socio-economic framework that maintained cultural identity and at the same time, encouraged economic growth in Southeast Nigeria. This paper examined its cultural and economic role in the various capital cities of the region; Enugu, Awka, Umuahia, Abakaliki, and Owerri through a cross-sectional quantitative research design. Five hundred respondents including current apprentices, former apprentices who had become known business owners as well as masters/mentors were sampled using stratified and systematic sampling methods. The data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The results showed that Igbo system of apprenticeship played a substantial role in ensuring Igbo traditions, communal unity, and intergenerational transfer of values. It also demonstrated how the system served as a strong informal business incubator which enabled the youth to have realistic entrepreneurial skills, it created to lower unemployment rates, broadened business ownership, and enhanced local economic strength. Moreover, the research found out that the system had continued being culturally relevant and economically productive, but with globalization, technological changes, and changing societal values, the system was limited. Opportunities of modernization, however, including the incorporation of formal schooling, online platforms, and policy aid, were discovered to have a formidable potential in strengthening its sustainability. The researchers inferred that the Igbo apprenticeship system still had a lot of worth as a cultural organization and economic development structure. It suggested modernization, mentoring ethics improvement, the government acknowledgment, and future research to guarantee the long-term sustainability and flexibility of the system.

Keywords: Igbo apprenticeship, cultural heritage, economic development, entrepreneurship, community cohesion, modernization, Southeast Nigeria.

Title: CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF IGBO APPRENTICESHIP IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Author: Dr. Chioma Obi, Dr. Agu, Paul Chinedu

International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN 2394-9716

Vol. 12, Issue 6, November 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 1-5

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 19-December-2025