Abstract: An accurate and selective HPLC with ultraviolet absorbance detection was developed for the Quantification of vitamin B₁₂ (cyanocobalamin) in vitamin B₁₂ injections. The method involves an isocratic mode of elution of cyanocobalamin from a reversed phase 150mm, 4.6mm, 5mm hypersil base-deactivated (BDS) C-18 column. Cyanocobalamin was quantitatively analysed using the HPLC method comprising methanol/ phosphate buffer pH7 (30/70 v/v) using ascorbic acid as an internal standard. Separation for quantitative determination was achieved within 6 minutes at a flow rate of 1.4ml/min .The absorbance of the drugs was monitored at 278nm at a detector sensitivity of 0.03.The standard calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.996. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) were 0.069ug/ml and 0.0228ug/ml respectively. Four brands of cyanocobalamin injections sampled from some pharmacies and health facilities were analysed with the method and then compared with the standard UV method. The mean percentage recovery of the stated content of four batches of three brands of the injections were 99.00 ± 3.95, 96.05 ± 0.85, 96.00 ± 5.23, 94.36 ±8.73 as against a standard UV method va1ues of 100.33 ± 4.67, 96.97 ± 0.50, 96.22 ± 6.20, 94.47 ± 10.64 respectively. Moreover, within and between run relative standard deviations were 1.682% and 1.656% respectively for cyanocobalamin. These values were all less than the maximum threshold value of 2% for a method to be good as a precise method according to the ICH guidelines. All the validation parameters were assessed statistically and proven to be valid.

Keywords: Cyanocobalamin, Chromatograms, Pharmacopoeia, Spectrophotometric, Ascorbic acid.
Title: DESIGN OF HPLC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF CYANOLOBALAMIN INJECTION
Author: Vigbedor Bright Yaw., Nathaniel Nii Adu Okine., Adosraku Remmel K., Samuel Osafo Acquah
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from September to December 2013 in the Sekyere Central district of the Ashanti region of Ghana. The survey aimed at identifying the plants used in the treatment of malaria in the Sekyere central district of Ashanti region of Ghana. The survey involved use of questionnaires and interviews with herbalist, house–to-house and the field that have a rich knowledge on the plants. A total of 29 medicinal plants species were recorded from the survey. To compare the usages of the plant species, an index of performance (Ip) was calculated for each plant species, from the number of citations of treatment actually recorded from the households against the proportion of each plant among the general flora. The survey revealed that, 6 of the 29 species of plants identified have not been authenticated for its antimalarial activity. Afzelia africana, Antrocaryon micraster, Afraegle paniculata, Persea americana and Antiaris africana spp. and Panda oleosa. The remaining 23 species have gone through various degrees of scientific authentications and validations.

Keywords: Afzelia africana,  Antrocaryon micraster, Afraegle paniculata, Persea Americana, Antiaris africana spp. and Panda oleosa.
Title: Ethnobotanical Survey of Plants Used In the Treatment of Malaria in the Sekyere Central District of Ashanti Region of Ghana
Author: Vigbedor Bright Yaw, Osafo Acquah Samuel, Ben Adu Gyan
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: In this study, two commonly used plants were investigated for their antimalarial activities against the 3D7 strain of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite.Ethnobotanical survey in the Sekyere central district revealed the usage of the aqueous decoction of the stem bark of Afzelia africana and the leaves of Cassia alata in combination therapy for the treatment of malaria; however, its efficacy has not been scientifically proven. In this study, the stem bark of A. africana and the leaves of Cassia alata were investigated for their antimalarial activity against the 3D7 strain of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. This was done by employing the WHO microtest assay (Mark III). These were compared with artesunate-amodiaquine. The results indicated that, the standard drug, Artesunate-amodiaquine was the most active with an Inhibitory Concentration (IC₅₀) of 0.313μg/ml this was followed by Afzelia africana, and Cassia alata with IC₅₀ values of 2.954μg/ml, and 17.270μg/ml respectively. This study has provided scientific evidence for traditional usage of Afzelia africana and Cassia alata as effective remedy for the treatment of malaria in Ghana.

Keywords: Afzelia africana, Plasmodium falciparum, Cassia alata.
Title: In vitro antimalarial activity of the ethanol extracts of Afzelia africana and Cassia alata commonly used as herbal remedies for malaria in Ghana
Author: Vigbedor Bright Yaw, Osafo Acquah Samuel, Ben Adu Gyan B, Lotsi Bertha
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The research work titled Biochemical Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Patients Attending Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria was carried out. A total of 40 samples were screened and biochemically characterized using standard procedures, out of which 34 tested positive. The percentage prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was found to be 85%, where males and females recorded prevalence of 37.5% and 47.5% respectively. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated bacterium showed that the isolates are highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Streptomycin, Rifampicin, Erythromycin and Chloramphenicol. Whereas, Levofloxacin, Amoxicillin and Gentamicin recorded moderate activity against the isolates. While, the isolates were found to be resistant to Ampiclox.

Keywords: Antibiotic, Bacteria, Biochemical, Isolation, Staphylococcus, Susceptibility.
Title: Biochemical Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Patients Attending Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Author: Umar, M., Abdulkarim, I.M., Yaya, A., Bello H.I., Yusuf, G., Mathias, M.L
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals