Abstract: Soil treatment of distillery effluent has great potential as a sustainable method as it is a low cost method. The aim of this investigation is to study the soil treatment method for purification of distillery spent wash. For this, the study encompassing evaluation of reduction of various physical chemical parameters (pH, COD, TS, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na and K) of distillery spent wash was done by passing through the soil column. The distillery effluent was acidic (pH 4.7) and dark blackish brown in color which often cause psychological fear in farmers for utilization as soil treatment of spent wash exhibited maximum reduction in COD (48.98%), TS (48 %) , TDS (47.37%), Mg (74.57%), Na (60%), Ca (75.45%),K (72.25%) and pH increased from 4.7 to 5.9.Treated spent wash showed a good growth of wheat seeds.

Keywords: “Spent wash”, “Soil”, “Irrigation”, “Adsorbent”, “Chemical parameter”.
Title: Treatment of Distillery Spent Wash for Irrigation Purpose by Using Soil as Adsorbent
Author: Bharat Kumar, Abhishek Bhatt, Akash Rawat, Anshul Dimri
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract:The present study evaluated the potential pathogenic bacteria and fungi which are associated with spoilt tomatoes in Ikeji-Arakeji, Southwestern Nigeria. Tomatoes are widely used in cooking of stew and preparation of other delicacies in Nigeria. Sometimes tomatoes are eaten without processing and if contaminated, the organisms are ingested directly into the body. Spoilt tomatoes, due to low cost of purchase are sometimes preferred by consumers. This act is more rampant among food vendors whose aim is to make maximum profits. Questionnaires were administered randomly to food sellers and inhabitants of Ikeji-Arakeji and from the sampled population, it was observed that about 48% of food sellers and 30% of domestic consumers preferred to purchase spoilt tomatoes due to the low cost and the questionnaire also reflected that most consumers are unaware of the health implications of spoilt tomatoes. Spoilt tomato samples were purchased from tomato vendors in Ikeji-Arakeji and instantly taken to the laboratory for microbial analysis. The bacteria species isolated from the sampled spoilt tomatoes were: Bacillus sp., Escherichia sp., Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., while the fungi isolated were:  Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillum sp., Mucor sp., and Rhizopus sp. These organisms are potential pathogens which if consumed could pose a serious health implication on consumers. Awareness should be made on the health implications of spoilt tomatoes, consumption of spoilt tomatoes should be discouraged and tomato vendors should be educated and advised to adhere to hygiene practices to prevent food-borne illness associated with spoil tomatoes.

Keywords:Ikeji-Arakeji, Microorganisms, Nutrient, Pathogenic, Questionnaires, Tomatoes.
Title: Potential Pathogenic Organisms Associated With Spoilt Tomatoes Sold In Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria
Author: OGINNI G.F., AYILARA M.S.
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The study was conducted to determine and find the significant difference among various desiccants applied in Yard Long Bean. The treatments were:   TI – control ( no desiccant), T2 - seeds with 3 grams silica desiccant, T3 – seeds with 6 grams silica desiccant, T4 – seeds with 9 grams silica desiccant, T5 – seeds with 3 grams charcoal desiccant, T6 – seeds with 6 grams charcoal desiccant, T7 – seeds with 9 grams charcoal desiccant.
The study used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and three replications. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare treatment means with significant results. This is to determine which among the treatment means are significantly different from each other.
The results revealed that treatment 7 (9 grams charcoal) again gave the highest percentage of germination capacity having a mean of 98%. Using the DMRT, Treatment 7 (9 grams charcoal) was found to be significantly different to Treatment 1 (Control – No desiccant), but not significantly different to Treatment 2 (3 grams silica), Treatment 3 ( 6 grams silica), Treatment 4 (9 grams silica), Treatment 5 (3 grams charcoal), and Treatment 6 ( 6 grams charcoal).
It was observed that all treatments were found no significant difference among each other except for the Control (T1). As such, it is concluded that charcoal desiccant can be used as substitute of silica in the storage of Yard Long Bean seed. Aside from control, all other treatments are found to have the same effect.  For economic purpose, 3 grams of charcoal desiccant can be used with the same performance in storage of Yard Long Bean seeds.
Finally, this study concludes that the use of the three grams charcoal can be as effective as to 9 grams of charcoal and 3 to 9 grams of silica gel. This study, therefore, recommends the use of 3 (three)  grams of charcoal in the storage of 10  grams Yard Long Bean seeds.

Keywords:desiccants, silica, charcoal, organic agriculture, yard long bean.
Title: Effect of Different Desiccants on Preserving the Germination Capacity of Yard Long Bean (VIGNA UNGUICULATA SESQUIPEDALIS), After Storage
Author: Geronimo L. Digma
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate lubeg jam- rootcrops blend as fillers in the production of empanaditas. Thirty panelists evaluated the products in terms of taste, appearance and aroma. Results revealed that a ratio of 50%-50% obtained the highest sensory evaluation rating for lubeg jam-sweet potato blend and lubeg jam- taro blend while the ratio of 25%-75 and 75%-25% obtained the highest sensory evaluation rating for lubeg jam-ube and lubeg jam-tugui respectively.

Keywords: Emapanaditas, Rootcrops, Lubeg, Jam Sensory Evaluation.
Title: Evaluation of Rootcrops-Lubeg Blend as Fillers for Empanaditas
Author: Ronald O. Ocampo, Rema Bascos-Ocampo, Normalina P. Usita
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

 Abstract: The acute toxicity of Insecticide dichlorvos to juveniles of Oreochromic niloticus of mean standard length of juveniles of Oreochromic niloticus 6.0+ 21cm and weight of 9.20+ 13g body weights were investigated under laboratory condition at the concentrations of 0.00uL‾ᴵ, 0.50uL‾ᴵ, 1.00uL‾ᴵ,1.50uL‾ᴵ and 2.00uL‾ᴵ.At Organ level Oreochromis niloticus exposed to acute concentrations of herbicide propanil exhibited agitated swimming, loss of equilibrum, air gulping, period of quiescence, and the fish turned on its flank and swarm in circles and finally died Accumulation of mucus also was observed on the gill filaments and body surface of the dead fish after their exposure to the lethal concentration of Dichlorvos.. In conclusion, acute concentrations of dichlorvos are harmful to Oreochromic niloticus a nontarget organism. It is recommended that manufacturers should be compelled to state categorically the effect of dichlorvos to nontarget organisms (or aquatic organisms).

Keywords: Acute toxicity, dichlorvosl, behaviour, Clarias gariepinus.
Title: Acute Toxicity of Dichlorvos to Oreochromis Niloticus and Its Haematological Effects
Author: Mallum S. S., Sogbesan O. A., Haruna A. B.
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The acute toxicity of Herbicide Propanil to juveniles of Oreochromis niloticus of mean standard length of 6.23±0.41 cm and 9.20±1.10 gm body weight were investigated under laboratory condition at the concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 uL‾ᴵ. At the cellular level, acute exposure to the toxicant resulted in significant increase in the leucocyte count when compared with those of the control specimens. The mean Haemoglobin, Haemotocrit and TEC of the exposed fish were lower than values of the control group of fish. Statistical analysis showed that the differences were significant (p<0.05). The haemoglobin, haematocrit and TEC values decreased with increased concentration, while total leucocytes count increased with increase in concentration. At Organ level Oreochromis niloticus exposed to acute concentrations of propanil exhibited agitated swimming, loss of equilibrum, air gulping, period of quiescence, and the fish turned on its flank and swarm in circles and finally died. In conclusion, acute concentrations of dichlorvos are harmful to O. niloticus, a non-target organism. It is recommended that manufacturers should be compelled to state categorically the effect of propanil to non-target organisms (or aquatic organisms).

Keywords: Acute toxicity, propanil, haematology, Oreochromis niloticus.
Title: Haematological Assessment of Oreochromis Niloticus (Linn, 1787) Exposed to Acute Toxicity of the herbicide propanil
Author: Mallum S. S., Sogbesan O. A., Haruna A. B.
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Variety plays a significant role in rice production. However, these varieties depend on right nutrient management suited in the farm so that essential nutrients are applied to crops when they are needed, thus achieve high and profitable yields. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the performance of inbred lowland rice varieties under varying nutrient management options in irrigated lowland ecosystem in Luna, Apayao from August to November, 2015.Strip – plot design was used wherein inbred varieties and nutrient management options were the variables.
No significant differences were observed on plant vigor, plant height at 60 DAT, total tillers, productive tiller, seed size, and grain yield as to nutrient management. However, significant differences were observed on days to heading, days to maturity, plant height at 30 DAT and maturity, total tiller, percentage productive and unproductive tillers. Insignificant differences were also observed on plant vigor, grain yield, percentage productive and unproductive tillers as to nutrient management while  significant differences were noted to the days to heading, days to maturity, plant height at 30 DAT and maturity, length of panicles percentage filled grains and unfilled grains, seed size and harvest index as to varieties.
Interaction effects were also noted both on filled and unfilled grains.    
In terms of economic benefits, NSIC 226 under MOET+LCC produced the highest yield of 5.27 tha1, highest gross income, net income and highest RAVC among the inbred lowland rice varieties tested.
NSIC Rc 226 applied with MOET+LCC is highly recommended for high yield and profit as reflected in the production analysis.

Keywords:inbred low land rice varieties, nutrient management, irrigated lowland ecosystem.
Title: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF INBRED LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES UNDER VARYING NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN IRRIGATED LOWLAND ECOSYSTEM
Author: MIRASOL L. AGPULDO
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
ISSN 2394-966X
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the effect of magnetism on the germination and growth of eggplant seedlings, specifically aimed to determine the effect of the four magnetic treatment orientation if it enhances the germination and growth of eggplant seedlings and to find out the effect of the four (4) magnetic treatment if there are significant result on plant height, leaf length and diameter, shoot and root length, shoot and root biomass, total biomass and root-shoot ratio,.
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in the study. There were 3 blocks of soil placed on a polyethylene plastic divided into 5 treatments as follows: T0 – Control, T1 – North / South, T2 – East / West, T3 – Northwest / Southeast, T4 – Northeast / Southwest.
Result revealed the following findings:  as to seed germination, significant effect was observed at 6 and 7 days after sowing ( DAS ) in favor of the seeds treated with amgnets while not significant differences was observed at 8,9 and 10 days after sowing. As to the plant height no significant differences among the treatment mean at 11, 18, and 25 days after sowing. Significant result was revealed to the 1st (first) true leaf diameter at 11 DAS while no significant result at 18 and 25 DAS. Significant effect was noted on the 1st leaf length  at 25 DAS. There was a significant increase on the second true length and diameter. Significant differences was noted on the shoot length, average shoot weight, root biomass and total ovendry biomass while insignificant on root-shoot ratio.
Based on the findings T2 with East West orientation of magnets found out to be the best treatment followed by T3 ¬with Northwest Southeast orientation and T4 with a Northeast / Southwest and T1 North / South.
Keywords: Magnetism, Seed Germination, Significant Effect, Growth of Eggplant Seedlings.
Title: Effect of Magnetism on the Germination and Growth of Eggplant Seedlings
Author: Mark Julius Paris, Mirasol L. Agpuldo, Ronald O. Ocampo
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract:The study was conducted to survey on traditional way of feeding practices of swine raisers in Pudtol, Apayao. Specifically, it aimed to investigate on the different traditional feedstuff used, to conduct an interview on the insights or observation of the swine raisers with regards to the use of traditional feedstuff, to know the preparation of traditional feedstuff and to identify the materials used in feeding.
The study made use of the descriptive survey method of research with key informants, interview, and observation as data-gathering tools. Ten(10) swine raisers per ten(10) barangays namely: Lt. Balag, Aga, Malibang, Mataguisi, Upper Maton, Lower Maton, Lydia, Dońa Loreta, Swan, and San Mariano were taken as respondents.
Traditional feedstuffs which were still utilized by the swine raisers of the municipality as feeds for their pigs namely: Gabi,(Arum esculentum Linn), Kamoteng Kahoy (Manihot esculenta), Camote (Ipomoea batatas), Kangkong (Ipomea aquatica) ,Waterlily (Nymphhaeaceae stellate), Kuhol (Hydroocotyle thundergiana Spreng.), Banana (Musa sapientum), Papaya (Carica papaya), Squash (Cucurbita maxima) ,Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Opuntia ovate (Maihueni opsisovata) ,Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Corn (Zea mays), Tigui, Kullo-kullot were identified. These feedstuffs are found along riverside, riverbank, garden, backyard, roadside, creek, and in forest.
Among the 100 respondents, most of the swine raisers in Pudtol belong to the age bracket age of 30-50 years old. Majority of the respondents involved in swine raising were females. In terms of educational attainment only 4% of the respondents were college graduate. Majority of the respondents were Isnag with a percentage of 59%, followed by Ilocano, 27%, and Ibanag 10%. The total population of swine in Pudtol, Apayao is 201 heads. Majority of the swine are located in Brgy. Lydia.
In terms of utilization rate of the traditional feedstuff, most of the respondents used gabi/taro, which are mostly found in backyard. Traditional feedstuffs were prepared through washing, peeling, chopping and cooking while some are prepared raw. The Ration Composition of the rice bran and traditional feedstuffs has a frequency of 70 out of 100 (70%), while the combination of Rice bran, commercial feeds and traditional feedstuffs has a frequency of 30 out of 100(30%).None of the swine raisers feed their pigs with commercial feeds alone.
For the feeding frequency, 60% of the swine raisers fed their pigs thrice a day during the starter stage while 90% of them fed their pigs twice at the growing stage.
The respondents have different feeding troughs used. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of them used the wooden trough, nineteen percent (19%) utilized the concrete feeding trough, Fifteen percent (15%) used the rubber feeding trough which is made out of the unused car wheel, while eight percent (8%) made use of the plastic galloon trough. Majority of the respondents fed their pigs with traditional feedstuff at the age of 3 months and above.
Based on the study, it is concluded that the swine raisers in the municipality of Pudtol generally adopts traditional way of feeding their pigs. Feeding of pigs natively with available feeds and wastes is a common practice to reduce the feeding cost. The researcher concluded that the pigs fed with traditional feedstuffs are healthy and are strong in resisting diseases. Traditional feedstuffs help promote the growth of swine because even without mixing with commercial feeds and rice bran, both native and hybrid pigs grow, however at a lower rate. It only requires prudence in gathering and preparation of feedstuff.
Based from the conclusion, the following recommendations are derived: 1.) to sustain the use of traditional feedstuff for feeding native, crossbreed, and hybrid pigs instead of the use commercial feeds. 2.) to package the study as an Instructional Materials in the integration of IPED in BS Agriculture curriculum. 3.) to conduct study on other materials used as traditional feedstuff.

Keywords:Pudtol Apayao Philippines, swine raising, traditional feeding practices, feedstuffs.
Title: Survey on Traditional Feeding Practices of Swine in Pudtol, Apayao
Author: Queenie P. Agustin-Berbano
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract:The study was conducted to survey on traditional way of feeding practices of swine raisers in Pudtol, Apayao. Specifically, it aimed to investigate on the different traditional feedstuff used, to conduct an interview on the insights or observation of the swine raisers with regards to the use of traditional feedstuff, to know the preparation of traditional feedstuff and to identify the materials used in feeding.
The study made use of the descriptive survey method of research with key informants, interview, and observation as data-gathering tools. Ten(10) swine raisers per ten(10) barangays namely: Lt. Balag, Aga, Malibang, Mataguisi, Upper Maton, Lower Maton, Lydia, Dońa Loreta, Swan, and San Mariano were taken as respondents.
Traditional feedstuffs which were still utilized by the swine raisers of the municipality as feeds for their pigs namely: Gabi,(Arum esculentum Linn), Kamoteng Kahoy (Manihot esculenta), Camote (Ipomoea batatas), Kangkong (Ipomea aquatica) ,Waterlily (Nymphhaeaceae stellate), Kuhol (Hydroocotyle thundergiana Spreng.), Banana (Musa sapientum), Papaya (Carica papaya), Squash (Cucurbita maxima) ,Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Opuntia ovate (Maihueni opsisovata) ,Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Corn (Zea mays), Tigui, Kullo-kullot were identified. These feedstuffs are found along riverside, riverbank, garden, backyard, roadside, creek, and in forest.
Among the 100 respondents, most of the swine raisers in Pudtol belong to the age bracket age of 30-50 years old. Majority of the respondents involved in swine raising were females. In terms of educational attainment only 4% of the respondents were college graduate. Majority of the respondents were Isnag with a percentage of 59%, followed by Ilocano, 27%, and Ibanag 10%. The total population of swine in Pudtol, Apayao is 201 heads. Majority of the swine are located in Brgy. Lydia.
In terms of utilization rate of the traditional feedstuff, most of the respondents used gabi/taro, which are mostly found in backyard. Traditional feedstuffs were prepared through washing, peeling, chopping and cooking while some are prepared raw. The Ration Composition of the rice bran and traditional feedstuffs has a frequency of 70 out of 100 (70%), while the combination of Rice bran, commercial feeds and traditional feedstuffs has a frequency of 30 out of 100(30%).None of the swine raisers feed their pigs with commercial feeds alone.
For the feeding frequency, 60% of the swine raisers fed their pigs thrice a day during the starter stage while 90% of them fed their pigs twice at the growing stage.
The respondents have different feeding troughs used. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of them used the wooden trough, nineteen percent (19%) utilized the concrete feeding trough, Fifteen percent (15%) used the rubber feeding trough which is made out of the unused car wheel, while eight percent (8%) made use of the plastic galloon trough. Majority of the respondents fed their pigs with traditional feedstuff at the age of 3 months and above.
Based on the study, it is concluded that the swine raisers in the municipality of Pudtol generally adopts traditional way of feeding their pigs. Feeding of pigs natively with available feeds and wastes is a common practice to reduce the feeding cost. The researcher concluded that the pigs fed with traditional feedstuffs are healthy and are strong in resisting diseases. Traditional feedstuffs help promote the growth of swine because even without mixing with commercial feeds and rice bran, both native and hybrid pigs grow, however at a lower rate. It only requires prudence in gathering and preparation of feedstuff.
Based from the conclusion, the following recommendations are derived: 1.) to sustain the use of traditional feedstuff for feeding native, crossbreed, and hybrid pigs instead of the use commercial feeds. 2.) to package the study as an Instructional Materials in the integration of IPED in BS Agriculture curriculum. 3.) to conduct study on other materials used as traditional feedstuff.

Keywords:Pudtol Apayao Philippines, swine raising, traditional feeding practices, feedstuffs.
Title: Survey on Traditional Feeding Practices of Swine in Pudtol, Apayao
Author: Queenie P. Agustin-Berbano
ISSN 2394-966X
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
Novelty Journals

Abstract: Preliminary phytochemical screening was done to ascertain the presence of secondary metabolites to Lubeg species, ethanolic extract were used in the study. The qualitative phytochemical analysis were employed using colour forming and precipitating chemical reagents to produce preliminary data on the constituents of secondary metabolites of the leaves and fruit extracts of Lubeg species.
The phytochemical analysis revealed that Flavanoids, Tannins and saponins are present in both leaves and fruit extracts except for alkaloids. There is very poor result on the saponin content of both leaves and fruits but this is an evidence that saponin is present in Lubeg species. The results of the study are promising thus providing a basis for the wide utilization of the Lubeg leaves not only its fruits and may be considered as a valuable plant in both in the traditional and folk medicines.

Keywords: Syzygium lineatum.
Title: PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LUBEG ( Syzygium lineatum (DC).Merr & L.M. Perry) SPECIES IN APAYAO
Author: MARIA CHRISTINA ZARATE-MANICAD
International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences
ISSN 2394-966X
Research Publish Journals