Abstract: Processed vegetarian food products are rapidly growing sector. The present study deals with the consumer attitudes towards various promotional strategies adopted by the company. A sample of 300 consumers, irrespective of age, sex, qualification was selected randomly for the study. The developed questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using simple percentage method. The result of the study reveals that the consumers are positively responding to various promotional strategies of the company. The management of the company should make use of proper promotional strategy to safeguard market position.

Abstract: This study aims to reveal the relationship between customer-employee  interaction with the relational predictor variables such as enjoyable interaction and service quality and organizational competitiveness of telecommunication industry in Nigeria. A conceptual framework has been developed to empirically prove the relationship that exist between the two variables, using the application of the spearman rank order correlation for the analyses. A total of 400 copies of questionnaire were distributed to mobile phone users and 255 were retrieved ,but only 246 were useful. From the results revealed,(1) Enjoyable interaction has a significant relationship with reduced cost.(2)Enjoyable interaction has a significant relationship with quick customer response. (3) Service quality has a strong relationship with reduced cost (4) Service quality has a significant relationship with quick customer response. Telecommunication firms also hope to receive a clear evidence of what motivates and satisfies their customers while transacting with them.

Abstract: E-commerce is said to bring about paradigm shift in the world for trading. Prediction e-commerce is showing tremendous business growth in our country. Backed by increased online user base & mobile phone presentation, Indian e-commerce has seen impressive growth in the last few years. Considering India’s demographic dividend & rising internet accessibility, the sector is slated to scale greater heights. Although, India’s overall retail opportunity is substantial, the sector is beset with some serious challenges. The present study has been undertaken to describe the present status & future growth of e-commerce in India. Analyze the present trends of e-commerce in India & examine the challenges & opportunities of e-commerce in India. E-commerce stands for electronic commerce. It means dealing in goods & services through the electronic media & internet. The rapid growth of e-commerce in India is being driven by greater customer choice & improved convenience with the help of internet the vendor or merchant who sells products or services directly to the customer from the portal using a shopping basket system or digital cart & allows payment trough debit card, credit card or electronic fund transfer payments. In the present scenario e-commerce market & its space is increasing in demand as well as an impressive display or range of a particular type of services. E-commerce is already appearing in all areas of business, customer services, new product development & design. E-commerce business is growing in India because of wide range of product with minimum price wide range of suppliers & customers internet. In this modern era every business units want to join online business because increasing ratio of internet users in India. E-commerce in India is still in growing stage but it offers considerable opportunity.

Abstract: In the present study we have formulated an inventory model in which the demand is defined as a probability distribution and shortages are allowed which is partially backlogged. In this paper, a variation of the finite Inventory process model i.e., the classical Newsboy problem is attempted.

Abstract: Thailand as developing countries, attempts to alleviate poverty by using several recourses and programs. Social security system for old age can be the one measure that carryout this point. This paper described that demographic change is aging society which old age people (over 60 years old) is more than 10 percent of population. According to the condition of social security system for old age that the age 55 with at least 15 years (180 months) of contribution, they will get pension at least 1,800 baht/month. This pension is higher than the national poverty line (1,678 baht/month in 2010). This evidence shows that social security can be the one measure which alleviates economic problem and poverty problem. Whereas Thailand is aging society and also poverty line is increasing, the social security office should carefully implement policy for stability of the old age reserve fund in order to guarantee for poverty alleviation. The policy adjustment, which are 1) the rate of contribution 2) the rate of old age benefit 3) the define of monthly wage rate and period of time which calculated for the old age benefit 4) the retirement age 5) the wage base (the minimum and maximum monthly wage earning for contribution) 6) the alternative investment, these would be effect to old age reserve fund and old age benefit of employee.

Abstract: The present study is to review and analyze the importance of storage methods of processed food products. Food storage is the process in which food is stored in suitable condition for future use. Due to growing urbanization, changing food habits, lack of time for working couples, processed food storage is gaining importance in recent days. Modern storage methods play important role in processed food storage, which prevents the entry of insects, rodents and microorganisms. Scientific packing methods and storage methods were also introduced for extending shelf life of processed food products. The study reveals the necessity of introduction of advanced storage technology in retail shops to provide hygienic food to the consumers.

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between risk taking and organizational learning and resilience. 152 copies of questionnaire were distributed to various small and medium enterprises located in Nnewi, Anambra state, Nigeria. After data cleaning, only 143 copies were found suitable for this study. Our result shows a significant relationship existing between risk taking and organizational learning as well as between risk taking and organizational resilience. It was therefore, recommended that manufacturing organizations should often emphasize on risk measures as they pursue and exploit market opportunities in a dynamic business environment as well as imbibe the culture of continuous learning for improved organizational functioning. They should also extend the development of adaptive capacities in form of resilience not just at the organizational level alone but also at the individual level of analysis since without the individuals, the organization and other resources cannot perform efficiently and effectively.

Abstract: The study examined the effect of prudential control systems on occurrence of fraud in commercial banks in Kenya. The study assessed five research questions of To what extent does supervisions by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) effective in minimizing management fraud in commercial banks? To what extent do the operational risk management guidelines established by the CBK effective in reducing falsification of documents by bank’s staff? To what extent do the periodic on-site inspections by the CBK effective in reducing unofficial borrowings by the bank tellers from the teller tills? To what extent does the Banking Fraud Investigations Department (BFID) effective in carrying out their duties? To what extent will the change of reporting structure of Banking Fraud Investigations Department to be answerable to the CBK Governor instead of the current structure where they are answerable to Directorate of Criminal Investigations under National Police Service make them effective? The population of the study were 13,411 top management team of 43 commercial banks in Kenya. A sample size of 169 top management staff were drawn using stratified random sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. Pearson Chi-square was used to measure the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. The study found that all mechanisms of effective prudential control systems are critical and instrumental in minimizing amount of fraud loss and increase in fraud loss recovery. The study recommended capacity building in the regulations, effective reporting of fraud incidences, change of BFID reporting structure and improvement in prosecution of fraudsters.

Abstract: Purpose: this study examined the influence of transformational leadership on employee job satisfaction. In this leadership style, the leader enhances the motivation, moral and performance of his follower group. The paper provides a conceptual discussion of value based leadership in management and business practices. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The study sample comprised of 400 employees working in all levels in various companies listed at NSE. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the study respondents. The study utilized both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used factor analysis through principal component analysis and varimax rotation method to generate factor scores for each construct. Multiple linear regression was used to test the study hypothesis. The findings show that a manager who promote and adhere to company values and mission and inspires employees to follow them. It also established that managers allow employee opinions when seeking solutions to situations, an aspect that greatly motivates them. This finding supports the view by Burns (1978) and Bass (2009) that transformational leaders have an effect on employee motivation and job satisfaction. The coefficient of contingent reward is 0.274 with a p-value of 0.000 implies that variable is statistically significant at 1percent significance level. A unit change in contingent reward can cause a 0.274 change in employee job satisfaction. The coefficient of management by exception-active is 0.017 with a p-value of 0.641 implying that variable is statistically insignificant at 10percent significance level. This implies that management by exception-active as a dimension of transactional leadership has no influence on one’s job satisfaction. The coefficient of management by exception-passive is 0.302 with a p-value of 0.000 implies that the variable is statistically significant at 1 percent significance level. A unit change in management by exception- passive can cause a 0.302 change in employee job satisfaction. Implications: Most organizations have to go through processes of change for them to thrive, such companies can use these findings to identify the type of leadership they should source to drive this change agenda. Additionally even when not going through change, companies should lay emphasizes on building the skills of their management team by ensuring there are trained and retrained on leadership skills such as transformational leaders in order to improve employee job satisfaction.

Abstract: This study examines the relationship between employee development and career commitment in Audit firms in Port Harcourt. The sample for this study is all the sample unit that is, twenty (20) audit firms in Port Harcourt and a total number of 358 staff.. Taro Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to test the postulated hypothesis at 0.05 level of confidence. The study reveals all the dimension of the criterion variable and the measures of the predictor variable are related therefore the null hypotheses were rejected.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of threat of new entrants on performance of oil industry in South Sudan. The specific research question guiding the study was: What level of influence does threat of new entrants have on performance of oil industry in South Sudan? The research design used was descriptive research and analytic research; descriptive research described the phenomena of oil industry performance while analytic design established relationship among these phenomena. Of the 84 self-administered questionnaires distributed to the middle and top management of all oil firms operating in South Sudan, 66 were filled and returned representing a 78.6% response rate. The study found out, threat of new entrants have positive significant influence on performance of oil industry in South Sudan and recommends: the government of South Sudan to develop or update existing policies and regulation of the oil industry in South Sudan based threat of new entrants; oil firms in South Sudan should consider influence of new entrants to their business; lastly, oil firms preparing to enter South Sudan oil fields should review.

Abstract: This work examines the extent to which coaching predicts empathy and service ethics of employees in manufacturing firm.  A total of 240 copies of questionnaires which was determined through the use of Taro Yamen sample size determination formula and only 226 copies were returned and useful for analyses. Spearman rank order correlation coefficient as well as p-value was used in analyzing our data and partial correlation was used in analyzing the effect of the moderating variable. It was realized that there was a significant relationship existing among our variables and it was also realized that organizational culture also influence the relationship existing amongst our variable.
Keywords: Coaching, Empathy, Service ethics.
Title: COACHING AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EMPATHY AND SERVICE ETHICS OF EMPLOYEES IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS
Author: Peterside Godwin Dodd Iyowuna
ISSN 2394-7322
International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The success of the organization is a fundamental objective and constitutes one of the primary reasons for organizations effective and efficient control of its assets and financial resources; failure of which could amount to waste, fraud and mismanagement. Owing to this observation, this study examines the relationship between fraud management strategies and organizational success. Fraud management strategies which is considered as the predictor variable in the study is operationalized using process controls and periodic audit, organizational success which is considered as the criterion variable is operationalized using employee retention and employee satisfaction. As a survey study, respondents were sourced from manufacturing companies in Rivers State and data for the study acquired through the personal distribution of questionnaire copies to the organizations. Analysis which entailed the use of the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient in the tests for all four bivariate hypotheses, all stated in null form, revealed significant associations between the dimensions of the predictor variable (fraud management strategies) and the measures of the criterion variable (organizational success). The findings imply that through effect fraud management strategies organizations would be more strategically positioned to manage their resources efficiently and thus enhance their employees’ perception about the affairs and well-being of the organization, which would further facilitate employee retention and employee satisfaction.  In conclusion, the evidence of the findings offer a factual prove of the necessity for consistent process and audit control in enhancing the performance and thus, success of the organization.
Keywords: Fraud management, process control, periodic audit, employee retention, employee satisfaction.
Title: Fraud Management Strategies and Organizational Success: A Study of Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Author: Moses Chinedu Nwairoegbu-Agbam, Dr. (Mrs) C.A Nwuche, Dr. Success A.C. Anyanwu
ISSN 2394-7322
International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics
Novelty Journals

Abstract: The aspect of leadership styles and employee performance has been a subject of discussion for a long time. By the mere fact that many researchers have paid attention to this area, shows how critical leadership styles are to employee performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of achievement- oriented leadership style on the performance of senior managers of the Company of the Year Award (COYA) winning companies in Kenya and adopted a descriptive correlational design. The population was made up of the 13 companies that won COYA during the years 2010 to 2013. A census was used to survey the 84 senior managers who report directly to the CEOs of the 13 companies. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential techniques were used to analyze data using the statistical program for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 as a tool.
The findings indicated that the application of achievement oriented leadership style has a significant positive effects on employee performance. A Chi-square test to determine this established that the achievement oriented leadership style affected employee performance at x^2 (3, N=69) =8.773, p<. 045. The analysis of variance showed that achievement oriented leadership style significantly affected the performance of employees, F (.120) = 2.406. On regression, the coefficient of determination (R2) showed a strong positive relationship between achievement oriented leadership style and employee performance. The findings indicate an R2 of 0.343, which means that this leadership style affects employee performance by 34.3 percent.

Abstract:Business implements Corporate Social Responsible (CSR) strategies with the aim of glimpsing “doing well” in the eyes of consumers which in turn expects financial benefits. It has been widely accepted that an implication of Ethical CSR seems important in the face of product harm crisis that has the ethical nature. However, the applicability of this phenomenon in the crisis context has limitedly exploited in the existing literature. Therefore, the main purpose of the current study is to find whether the ethical CSR decides consumers’ purchase decisions in China and Sri Lanka in response to the ethical CSR strategy implemented in a company culpable product harm crisis. Study conducted a self-administrated, pre-tested questionnaire survey of a total sample of 201 Chinese and Sri Lankan based undergraduate marketing and business management students. Collected data were analyzed by using SPSS (version 20.0). Independent samples t test, MANOVA followed by ANOVA were run to analyze the data. Findings revealed that consumers in two Asian countries react in an entirely different way in response to the ethical CSR strategy implemented in a company culpable crisis. Implementation of an ethical CSR strategy helps to enhance the purchase decisions in Sri Lanka, whereas it is insignificant in China. Moreover, the ethical CSR strategy moderates the impact of country on purchase intention of the affected brand, revealing a new insight into the product harm crises management literature. This study provides new insights for companies to protect their financial status during product harm crises and for further research investigations.
Keywords:China, corporate social responsibility, product harm crisis, purchase intention, Sri Lanka.
Title:Does The Ethical Corporate Social Responsible Strategy Influence Consumer Purchasing Behavior During Product Harm Crises? A Comparative Study between China and Sri Lanka
Abstract:G. C. Samaraweera
International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics
ISSN 2394-7322
Novelty Journals
                                                                                                

Abstract: Information centric model is a new approach to networking which enables Efficient network software‐ based control and application independent information caching. However, in a transmission network, there exist redundant bytes in packets that are cached at content routers hence exhausting bandwidth and occasioning such problems as bandwidth glitches, low throughput, and denial of service among others. This study developed an investigation of an advanced redundancy elimination mechanism which takes into account minimal network memory operations leading to optimum bandwidth management and network power consumption reduction. The main aim of the research was to come up with an Investigation of Advanced information centric model to identify and eliminate redundancy so as to mitigate network glitches such as bandwidth glitches, low throughput, and denial of service among others. The research used purposive sampling to select sample network sites, collected data and evaluated our model using both real time network traffic data and synthetic traffic. The research analyzed bytes in packets and found out that there were 46% redundant bytes. The research compared various file types in transit and found that 97% of traffic was binary files such as video, audio and pictures while 3% constituted text files. This prompted the research to find out file organization of binary files which was found that they hardly partially intersect therefore was no need for chunking them. It was found that available bandwidth will be optimized by eliminating redundant bytes and reducing number of shim headers. Implementation of the Investigation of Advanced bandwidth management model will make internet applications be more reliable due to optimized bandwidth and reduced processing load.

Abstract: The prosperity of any public sector depends on the factors influencing performance management; hence factors influencing performance management has been a widely researched area for years. This study sought to investigate the factors influencing performance management at the national government of Mumias Sub-County. The main factors considered were reward management, training and communication. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population of the study was 108 respondents. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 84 respondents. Questionnaires were the main data collection tool. The reliability of the data was arrived at by using the test-retest techniques and the internal consistence of data from the questionnaires was computed by using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient suggesting that the instruments had relatively high internal consistency and also by use of the guidance given by the supervisors.  Data analysis was done using both quantitative and qualitative methods.  The data collected was edited, coded and then analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Pearson Correlation Coefficient to establish the relationship between the study variables. The study found out that training, communication and reward management are positively correlated with performance management.  The study concluded that training and effective communications helps increase effective performance management among employees whereas appointment on merit and recognition of employees efforts increase performance.The researcher recommends to managers to consider factors influencing performance management as influencers in public sectors growth.

Abstract: The aim of the study was to prove if it is possible to implement ISO/IEC 17025 in one of the laboratories of Market Research and Consumer Protection Center (MRCPC) at the University of Baghdad, specifically in Atomic Absorption laboratory (AA lab). Work plan has prepared under the supervision of the top management of MRCPC. Quality Management System (QMS) according to ISO/IEC 17025 has suggested establishing in AA lab, and the estimated time was calculated in two years. A diagnose of actual situation of AA lab has done by quality manager of MRCPC, both of management requirements and technical requirements have analyzed according to ISO/IEC 17025 and it reported in this work. Problems encountered are described in this work and solutions are suggested.

Abstract: One innovation to extend credit to the poor that simultaneously addresses the asymmetric information problem and enforcement concerns lies in group lending. However, Group lending as an innovation is faced with some challenges in its practice. The purpose of this study is to find out factors affecting the applicability of group lending as innovation strategy for loan borrowing and repayment. The study specifically established the effects of joint liability and its applicability to group performance. This study adopted an explanatory and exploratory design. The target population was members of Women Organization from 779 groups. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 344 members drawn from 174 groups. The primary data for the study was obtained using structured questionnaires. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics specifically mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics applied are Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Correlations results in table 4.9 showed that joint liability was positively and significantly correlated with loan repayment (r=0.857, ρ<0.01). It is therefore prudent for group members to monitor and enforce the commitment to each other.
Keywords: Applicability, Asymmetric, Credit, Enforcement, Innovation, joint liability, Lending.

Abstract: This study was to explore the influences arising from any personal entrepreneurial characteristics towards success of their businesses.The study population consisted of Narok Town on Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE)` women beneficiaries with a  sample size of 76 women who have benefited from KIE Ltd products within Narok Town for the last five years. Questionnaires, interviews, observations and record/document analysis to collect data that was processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study found out that  women exhibited  personal entrepreneurialship  that has aided the growth of their entreprises over time as the study revealed that 98.5% started the business on their own and are still succesfully operating.

Abstract: The research examines the roles, functions and policy of consumer cooperatives in Japan, analyze the key factors success of consumer cooperatives in Japan and apply the appropriate management to consumer cooperatives in Thailand. Key success factors are developed from　Japanese Consumer Cooperative Union (JCCU) at national level. JCCU was assisting newly business and recovery cooperation after the failure and proposed to join the international cooperation that can be made Japanese consumer cooperative playing a major role in ICA activities. Focusing on the case study, Osaka Izumi Cooperative Society has cooperative functional structure classified clearly to committee’s responsibility, respond the need of members, and providing member’s welfare and social responsibility. Besides cooperative has professional staff and high technology which could be the key factors to business achievement. In order to apply Japanese consumer cooperative model to Thailand, starting first with short and middle period development, adoption into the branding as well as Japanese consumer cooperative is really nice to co-op members to trust in cooperative and keep closer to co-op members. In this point cooperative store or cooperative market should keep movable ideas, look at trends, what things can eliminate, reduce, raise or create. It is to improve business and response members need. Some success business activity of consumer cooperative in Japan such as home delivery services could be applied in Thailand due to the time-value of member and create community support.

Abstract: Foreign direct investments (FDI) played a major role in the economic transition and overall economic development of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region. The extensive inflow of FDI, recorded in six CEE countries covered by this paper (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia) during last two decades was achieved also thanks to new strategies and reforms, implemented to attract and positively stimulate FDI inflows. Nevertheless, an uneven development of both FDI policies implemented by the CEE countries and diverse patterns of FDI inflows into the region could have been observed between 1990 and 2002. With the aim to asses and understand the varying performance in FDI attraction of the CEE countries during the first years of transition, we investigated the FDI-related strategies introduced by respective countries. At the same time, the initial conditions at the outset of their transition process are also reviewed.

Abstract: This study investigates the association between employee remuneration and organizational commitment of deposit money banks in Rivers State. The study adopted the Maslow’s theory of motivation which emphasized on safety, security, belongingness, self-esteem and finally self-actualization needs. The objective of the study was to ascertain the influence of employee remuneration on organizational commitment of deposit money banks. The study adopted the survey research design. Based on the research questions, a research questionnaire was designed and one hundred & twenty-nine (129) copies were distributed to the sample population which was determined by taro yamen sample size determination formula. One hundred & five (105) copies of the distributed questionnaire were retrieved, these copies were analyzed and the hypotheses were tested using the Spearman Rank Correlation Statistical tools via SPSS Package version 21.0. The result revealed that; there is a significant relationship between employee remuneration and organizational commitment. The study concluded with recommendations amongst others that the management of deposit money banks should endeavour that employee pay is commensurate with work done as this could boost the commitment level of an employee thereby making them more profitable.

Abstract: The growth of Rubber and Plastic Industry in Punjab is an essential pre-requisite for the growth of other industries especially the packaging industry is the largest user of plastics machinery. This study examines the performance of small scale rubber and plastic industry in Punjab. The study period is divided into two parts i.e. pre-liberalization (1980-81to 1991-92) and post-liberalization (i.e. 1991-92 to 2013-14). This paper finds that after liberalization performance of rubber and plastic SSI in Punjab is not satisfactory.
The rubber and plastic industry is one of the oldest industries in India since then farmers have utilized it and today it is a flourishing as its flexibility, hardness and its break resistance make it suitable for application almost anywhere. Mfg. Rubber and Plastic Industry make goods by processing plastics materials and raw rubber.

Abstract: Agriculture is an important engine for economic growth of the country as agriculture provides largest employer of the country’s population and the financial inclusion as one of the crucial obstacles in ensuring equitable agricultural growth of the nation. Financial inclusion refers to delivery banking services to masses including privileged and disadvantaged people at an affordable terms and conditions. It not only enhances overall financial intensity of agriculture but also help in increasing rural nonfarm activities which lead to development of rural economy and improve economic condition of people. The launch of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) provided an added impetus to the various initiatives undertaken by the Reserve Bank towards furthering financial inclusion and financial literacy .The aim of research article to highlight the credit flow to agriculture, farmers and to deal with innovation and experiment that reduces gap between farmers and banking sector.