Abstract: The purpose of this research was to understand the complexities of outsourcing in a less developed country. In order to understand this concept, the research sort to identify problems involved in outsourcing in a less developed country. These problems included: Lack of experience with outsourcing, a lack of service provider for a particular activity/lack of expertise with an outsourced task, lack of innovation, lack of quality, lack of government support, and finding a trustworthy vendor. This research has made us to understand the importance of outsourcing to the growth of a country. Possible solutions were proposed such as: An organization choosing a service provider with experience in outsourcing, awareness created by the government to educate the society on the benefits of outsourcing to creating employment and bringing growth to the economy, a service provider if not an expert yet can dedicate time to learn more and improve its craft, proper screening be made by organizations to get reliable and trustworthy vendor to perform their activities, the government can also support improve local service providers by granting incentives, the government can also place restrictions on offshore/global outsourcing to help local/onshore outsourcing strive.

Keywords: Outsourcing,

Title: Understanding the Complexities of Outsourcing Practices in a Less Developed Economy

Author: Che kingsley Chenikwi, Ataah Maxmila Fondeh

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 95-100

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 30-December-2023

Abstract: This study evaluated the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines' (CAAP) compliance with Republic Act No. 11032, also known as the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018. The study involved thirty-two (32) participants, comprising of twenty-two (22) CAAP employees, including office or administrative assistants, compliance officers, information officers, medical personnel, airmen examiners, accounting and collection personnel assigned in different offices that handle clients and ten (10) aviation stakeholders including pilots, examinees and liaison officers who availed the services of CAAP. 

The study employed the quantitative research method. Quantitative research involved the collection and analysis of numerical data to provide answers to the research questions. For the research design, this study used a descriptive design employing a cross-sectional survey. The survey was conducted at the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP). Convenient random sampling ensured a representative sample from CAAP and its clients. The primary data collection tool was a survey questionnaire designed based on the research questions. Data collected from the survey were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Frequency and Percentage provided data on the participants’ profiles that were relevant to the information the researcher deemed important to obtain. The percentage method was utilized to arrive at an accurate estimate of the participation rate. Weighted Mean was used to calculate the average frequency of the responses. A four-point Likert Scale was used to determine the compliance of CAAP with the requirements of the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018.

Furthermore, Kruskal-Wallis H Test was used to determine if there was a significant difference in the participant’s adherence to CAAP’s compliance with the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018 requirements when grouped by age and length of service. The Mann-Whitney U Test was used to determine the significant difference in the participant’s adherence to CAAP’s compliance with the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018 requirements when grouped by gender and occupation. Lastly, ranking was used to prioritize and rank the factors, aspects or variables identified in the study.

The study revealed a relatively young workforce within CAAP, potentially influencing their familiarity with digital processes and government service expectations. Gender distribution was balanced, with more male participants. Most participants were government employees, reflecting the prevalence of public sector workers. The length of service varied, providing diverse perspectives on the implementation of the Act.

Key findings included room for improvement in the Citizen's Charter, unclear utilization of Public Assistance Desks which are vital in government agencies, adherence to standard government service delivery, and issues with the Zero Contact Policy that limits the interaction between the processor and the client. Significant age-related differences were observed in Citizen's Charter compliance, while gender and occupation showed no significant differences.

The challenges encountered by CAAP in aligning its procedures based on the Act, included adapting to evolving technology and industry regulations and cultural and organizational barriers. These challenges raised by the participants were timely and relevant since government procedures and guidelines continue to improve and evolve over the years. Internal procedures and office policies should be reviewed and monitored to ensure compliance with all government laws and regulations.

The recommendations included age-sensitive engagement strategies that would cater to diverse age groups, establishing a Public Assistance/Complaint Desk tasked with the sole purpose of providing assistance to the stakeholders, implementing the Zero Contact Policy to limit interaction and avoid red tape, and prioritizing automation to streamline procedures and enhance customer service delivery.

Title: Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines Compliance with the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018

Author: Jenilyn Ramos Salvador

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 82-94

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 22-December-2023

Abstract: In an effort to improve accessibility and convenience in the quickly changing banking sector, this research looks into the introduction of ATM accounts without physical cards in the Philippines. The study examines the problems with traditional ATMs, namely card theft and illegal access, in light of the unprecedented rise in the number of people in the Philippines utilizing formal financial services. The use of mobile apps and biometric authentication in conjunction with cardless ATM accounts is suggested as a way to increase security and expedite transactions. It emphasizes the need to fix flaws in biometric authentication and foster user confidence by concentrating on possible security threats, user acceptance, and trust difficulties. The benefits of cardless ATMs include expanded accessibility, streamlined transactions, and improved security, all of which are in line with the rapidly changing technology landscape in the country.

The advent of digital technology has transformed the landscape of the banking industry, leading to innovations that enhance the efficiency and accessibility of financial services. This study investigates the impact of cardless automated teller machine (ATM) access on the improvement of banking service at Land Bank of the Philippines, one of the country's leading financial institutions.

The primary objective of this research to address these problem areas comprehensively and offer recommendations to enhance security measures, improve user satisfaction, and elevate the overall banking experience for customers in the Philippines. Utilizing quantitative data analysis based on a survey of 100 participants, the investigation provides a comprehensive examination of participant demographics, factors influencing acceptance, security concerns, efficiency recommendations, and temporal shifts in perceptions. The study unveils that customer satisfaction is predominantly driven by the convenience and ease of use, faster transaction processing, and the increased availability of cardless ATMs. While security and privacy concerns exist, they do not serve as significant barriers to acceptance. Notably, participants highlight the critical importance of enhancing security measures, bolstering user education efforts, streamlining user interfaces, and implementing real-time transaction notifications to enhance the efficiency and security of cardless ATM access. Furthermore, trust in banking institutions and the perceived value proposition and benefits of cardless ATM technology have demonstrated notable changes over time. In light of these findings, the study concludes by offering a set of policy recommendations aimed at empowering banks to fortify security measures, augment user education initiatives, and elevate the overall customer experience, thereby fostering the wider adoption of cardless ATM access across the Philippines.

Keywords: cardless ATM accounts, quickly changing banking sector, digital technology.

Title: Cardless Automated Teller Machine Access on the Improvement of Banking Service of Land Bank of the Philippines

Author: Ysmin Nieto Cruz

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 68-81

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 21-December-2023

Abstract: Strategic management is a critical knowledge area that ensures effective and efficient utilization of resources. Historically, before the advent of formal strategic management training, societies, and communities organized themselves where management was learned and practiced through indigenous philosophies and principles. The Gadaa system was one of such prominent socio-political organizations that showed high effectiveness in the economic, social, political, cultural, and religious affairs of the Oromo in Ethiopia. This study aimed to review the literature about strategic factors and management resources and their contribution to the effectiveness of the Gadaa socio-political organization. Indigenous Standpoint Theory and Institutional Theory informed the literature review where the study consulted secondary sources including books, published and unpublished articles, newspapers, and letters. The results of the review pointed to the existence of several strategic factors that influenced the effectiveness of the Gadaa system. These factors included cyclic leadership and power rotation, social contract and democratic values, conflict resolution mechanisms, and integration of indigenous knowledge. Management resources identified were leadership training and education, symbolic institutions and rituals, community participation, social capital, and oral tradition and knowledge transmission. Some of the challenges to the effectiveness of the Gadaa system found were external pressures and modernization, political marginalization, and cultural values erosion. The study concluded that the Gadaa system showcased strategic effectiveness in the management of resources in society. It was recommended that further scholarly inquiry be conducted to identify mechanisms and frameworks for which the Gadaa system can be inculcated and cascaded at various levels of governance in the modern dispensation and practice of strategic management.     

Keywords: Gadaa, system, management resources, Indigenous Standpoint Theory, Institutional Theory.  

Title: STRATEGIC FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT RESOURCES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE GADAA SOCIO-POLITICAL ORGANIZATION IN ETHIOPIA

Author: Mekonen Geleta Olkaba, Dr. Joanes Kyongo

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 58-67

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 20-December-2023

Abstract: Digital marketing is an all-encompassing term that makes marketing more practical than theoretical. Unlike traditional marketing, digital marketing is a versatile process that can combine one-to-one and mass marketing approaches with well-defined desired customers.

This review article comprehensively examines the digital marketing landscape in Bangladesh, an emerging market experiencing dynamic digital evolution. It draws on existing literature and synthesizes knowledge and insights from a variety of sources to elucidate the diverse digital marketing strategies employed by Bangladeshi businesses, critically analyze their impact on customer engagement, brand visibility, and revenue generation, and underscore the role of cultural nuances, infrastructure challenges, and economic factors in shaping the digital marketing landscape. It also highlights emerging trends and offers a roadmap for businesses to adapt to a rapidly evolving digital marketplace, fostering sustainable growth and enhancing competitiveness. Additionally, the article contributes to the scholarly discourse by providing a comprehensive overview of digital marketing in an emerging market, while also identifying gaps for future research endeavors.

The review's findings have significant implications for businesses and practitioners in Bangladesh, as well as for scholars and policymakers. Businesses must invest in digital literacy and skill development, enhance infrastructure, optimize campaigns for mobile devices, ensure ethical and privacy compliance, differentiate themselves through niche marketing and localized content, stay up-to-date on regulations, utilize data analytics tools, attract and retain top talent, and collaborate with influencers and industry partners. Practitioners can leverage the review's insights to develop and implement effective digital marketing strategies tailored to the unique context of the Bangladeshi market. Scholars can draw on the review's findings to inform their research on digital marketing in emerging markets, identify gaps in the literature, and develop new theoretical and empirical frameworks. Policymakers can use the review's findings to develop and implement policies that support the growth and development of the digital marketing industry in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Digital Marketing, Case Study, Effective Business Strategies.

Title: Navigating the Digital Frontier: A Study of Effective Digital Marketing Strategies for Bangladeshi Businesses

Author: Yasin Ali, Jiang Hailing

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 46-57

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 08-November-2023

Abstract: Influencer marketing has become a well-known and commonly used method in today's social media-driven marketing environment. Influencer marketing and lifestyle branding must be used effectively, which requires an understanding of consumer perceptions. The purpose of this thesis was to examine how Turkish consumers perceive influencer marketing and assess its impact on brands.

A thorough description of influencer marketing and lifestyle branding are given in the literature review section, which also emphasizes the function of social media influencers as go-betweens for customers and businesses. It examines how influencers create brand attitudes and the mechanics of trust within this marketing technique, showing influencer marketing as a contemporary version of word-of-mouth marketing.

An inductive pre-survey investigation was carried out to determine the subject's relevance and importance in order to narrow the research topic. People's opinions regarding influencers were obtained during this initial phase, which helped to create the framework for the study. Following that, survey questions were used to gather information from 600 respondents, fusing quantitative and qualitative factors.

According to the study's findings, influencer marketing has improved customers' opinions of brands. It has aided in creating a feeling of connection and individuality for brands. The lack of customer confidence in influencer marketing is a striking discovery, though. The relationship between lifestyle branding and influencer marketing has a favorable effect on consumers' entire social media experiences, and consumers view influencers as helpful resources during the purchasing process. The results of qualitative research go deeper into the problems with trust, highlighting the difficulties influencers and businesses have in successfully interacting with their target markets.

Keywords: Influencer Marketing, Social Media, Branding, Consumer Behavior, Influencer Marketing Strategy.

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFLUENCER MARKETING AND LIFESTYLE BRANDING: A CASE STUDY: TÜRKİYE, ISTANBUL

Author: Salma Fouad, Prof. Dr.Akin MARŞAP

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 33-45

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 18-October-2023

Abstract: Corporate governance and sustainability reporting has been topical and trending over the last two decades. This has precipitated the reconsideration of traditional business models into contemporary sustainable business models which are still to set their foot well in Zimbabwean economy. The improvement in the corporate governance situation in the economy has not seen a movement towards sustainable corporate culture. This has been partly because of the foggy perspective on the relationship between the corporate governance mechanisms and sustainability reporting. To this end, this cross-sectional study sought to position sustainability reporting relative to corporate governance and this was done using the corporate governance mechanisms and the sustainability reporting clusters (environmental, social and economic) on a sample sixty-one active companies listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange as at 31 December 2016. An explanatory research design was adopted. Positivist research philosophy was used in line with the multi-method approach. A hybrid of research strategies namely archival and survey was utilised. Secondary data in the form of corporate annual reports were used. The summative content analysis was the research instruments used. The Software Package for Social Science (SPSS) helped in the analysis of data by providing the Mann- Whitney U and Kendall’s Tau-b statistical test. Statistical tests revealed that there is a positive significant relationship between independent non-executive directors, proportion of women directors, sustainability committee and multiple directorships and the extent of sustainability reporting. Following the study findings, recommendations were suggested which could improve sustainability reporting practices if properly implemented.

Keywords: Corporate governance mechanism, Sustainability reporting, listed companies.

Title: SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AN UNSUNG CORPORATE GOVERNANCE NOTCH: AN ANALYSIS OF REPORTING PRACTICES BY ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE LISTED COMPANIES, 2016

Author: Nyakurimwa Chalton N., Simon Chosani, Takachicha Muriel, Mavengere Kudakwashe, Bhibhi Peter, Mabwe Linda M.

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 11-32

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 16-October-2023

Abstract: This study examined the impact of export trade on economic development in Nigeria from 1981 to 2021. The increasing clamour for the diversification of the Nigerian economy from oil and the rising level of unemployment, poverty and price level informed the choice of carrying out this study. To achieve the objectives of the study, data on gross domestic product per capita, non-oil export and oil export was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and analysed using the Parsimonious Error Correction Model (PECM) after conducting basic analyses like descriptive statistic and unit roots test. The short run results showed that: oil export has positive and significant impact on gross domestic product per capita. Also, non-oil export has positive and significant relationship on gross domestic product per capita. The study also showed that a long run relationship exist amongst gross domestic product per capita, non-oil export and oil export in Nigeria over the period of study. Based on these findings, the study concludes that; the development of Nigerian in terms of gross domestic product per capita was significantly influenced by changes in oil export. Based on the findings it was recommended that; government should ensure oil export revenue is properly utilised. Government should invest more in the real sector to improve non-oil export and improve the well-being of Nigerians.

Keywords: Economic development, Export trade, Oil export, Non-oil exports and Parsimonious.

Title: Exports Trade and Economic Development in Nigeria

Author: Sangoleye Johnson, Ohale Lawrence, Obayori Joseph Bidemi

International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics

ISSN 2394-7322

Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023

Page No: 1-10

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 21-September-2023